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Women's Health Definitions > Obstetrics > Flashcards

Obstetrics Flashcards

1
Q

Nullipara

A

Woman who has never been pregnant beyond 20/52 gestation

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2
Q

Gravid

A

Number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome

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3
Q

Para/Parity

A

Number of babies born after 20/52 gestation

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4
Q

G6, P4

A

Woman who has had 6 pregnancies (including current) with 4 babies born at more than 20/52 gestation

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5
Q

Grand Multipara

A

Woman who has delivered 5 or more babies at more than 20/52 gestation

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6
Q

Abortion/miscarraige

A

Pregnancy loss before 20/52 gestation

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7
Q

Labour

A

Regular painful contractions with associated cervical changes after 20/52 gestation

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8
Q

Lower Uterine Segment C-Section

A

Operational delivery of baby through an incision in the lower uterine segment

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9
Q

Classical C-Section

A

Operational delivery of baby through a vertical incision in the upper segment of the uterus

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10
Q

Hysterotomy

A

Operational delivery of baby through a uterine incision at less than 20/52 gestation

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11
Q

Preterm Labour

A

Labour at less than 37/52 gestation

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12
Q

Prelabour Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

A

Rupture of membranes before onset of labour

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13
Q

ARM/AROM

A

Artificial rupture of membranes

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14
Q

SROM

A

Spontaneous rupture of membranes

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15
Q

Braxton HIcks Contractions

A

Painless uterine contractions in the antenatal period

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16
Q

Naegles Rule

A

To estimate probable date of confinement. 9 months + 7 days to the first day of last menstrual period, correction required if patient does not have 28 day cycles

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17
Q

First Stage of Labour

A

Start of labour until full dilatation of cervix

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18
Q

Second Stage of Labour

A

From full dilatation of cervix until birth of the baby

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19
Q

Third Stage of Labour

A

From birth of baby until delivery of placenta and membranes

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20
Q

Spurious or False Labour

A

Uterine contractions which may be regular and/or painful, but are not associated with cervical dilatation and effacement

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21
Q

Oxytocic

A

Medication that stimulates contractions of uterine muscle

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22
Q

Tocolytic

A

Medication to stop uterine contractions

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23
Q

Induction of Labour

A

Process of causing labour to commence

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24
Q

Augmentation of Labour

A

Process of simulating labour that has already started

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25
Placenta Praevia
Placenta that approaches or covers the internal cervical OS in late 2nd or 3rd trimester
26
Vasa Praevia
Foetal vessels lying in the membrane in front of the presenting part
27
Abruption
Separation of the placenta from the uterus in the antenatal or intrapartum period
28
Antepartum Haemorrhage
Bleeding >5ml from the vagina after 20/52 gestation
29
Postpartum Haemorrhage
Vaginal bleeding of >500ml in the 1st 24/24 after delivery
30
Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage
Vaginal bleeding of >500ml more than 24/24 after delivery
31
Placenta Accreta
Placenta that invades the myometrium
32
Uterine Atony
Abnormal relaxation of the uterus after delivery, usually causing bleeding
33
Isoimmunisation
Blood group antibodies cross the placenta resulting in haemolysis of foetal red blood cells. Antibodies include D, c, K (Kell), Kidd, Duffy etc
34
CTG
Cardiotocograph
35
Neonatal Death
Liveborn infant who dies within 28/7 of birth, of at least 20/52 gestation or weighing >400gm if gestation is unknown
36
Stillbirth
Infant born after 20/52 gestation or birthweight >400gm if gestation is unknown who shows no signs of life after birth
37
Perinatal Mortality Rate
Number of stilbirths + neonatal deaths per 1000 births
38
Maternal Death
Death of a woman while pregnant (irrespective of gestation) or within 42 days of conclusion of the pregnancy irrespective of the cause of death or gestation at delivery
39
Maternal Mortality Rate
Number of maternal deaths per 100,000 births
40
Infant death
Death of an infant between 29 days - 1 year of life
41
Station
Level of descent of the presenting part relative to the pelvic brim or symphysis on abdominal palpation. Or to the ischial spines on vaginal examination.
42
Lie
Relationship between long axis of the feotus and long axis of the uterus, e.g. longitudinal, oblique, transverse
43
Position
Relationship of a defined area on the presenting part (the 'denominator') to the mother's pelvis. In a cephalic presentation, the denominator is the occiput, thus the foetal position is described as occipito-anterior (OA), occipio-posterior (OP), left or right occipito-transverse (L/ROT). In a breech presentation, the denominator is the sacrum (SA, SP, ST)
44
Presentation
The part of the fetus which is presenting e.g. vertex, breech
45
Asynclitism
Side to side tilt of the foetal head
46
Caput
Oedema from obstructed venous return in the foetal scalp, caused by pressure of the head against the cervix
47
Cervical Incompetence
Painless cervical dilatation in the 2nd trimester causing preterm labour
48
Cord Prolapse
Cord is alongside or below the presenting part in the presence of ruptured membranes
49
Episiotomy
Surgical incision of the perineum during the second stage of labour
50
Third Degree Tear
Perineal trauma which involves the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles and external anal sphincter
51
Second Degree Tear
Perinela truama which involves the vaginal mucosa and the perineal muscles
52
Lochia
Vaginal discharge during the puerperium (6 weeks following delivery)
53
Oligohydramnios
Reduced aminiotic fluid
54
Polyhydramnios
Excess amniotic fluid
55
Pre Eclampsia
Hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy
56
Eclampsia
Seizure in the clinical setting of preeclampsia
57
Amniocentesis
Sampling of amniotic fluid using a needle through the abdominal wall of the woman
58
Chorionic Villus Sampling
Sampling of the placenta using a needle under ultrasound guidance
59
External Cephalic Version
Turning a breech baby to cephalic presentation through the maternal abdominal wall
60
Retained Placenta
Placenta still in utero 1 hours after delivery of the baby
61
Precipitate Labour
Labour <4 hours duration
62
Shoulder Dystocia
Difficulty delivery the shoulders after delivery of the fetal head
63
Puerperium
6 weeks following delivery
64
Quickening
Maternal perception of fetal movements
65
Restitution
Rotation of the fetal head after delivery to align with the back and shoulders
66
Show
Discharge of blood and mucus from the vagina in early labour or the days preceding labour
67
Phototherapy
Use of standard fluorescent white light or blue light therapy to photoisomerise bilirubin to allow for its excretion
68
Exchange Transfusion
Procedure to treat severe newborn patholoical jaundice in which blood is removed and replaced with donor blood. This removes the bilirubin and also the antibodies that have been causing haemolysis and jaundice
69
Low Birthweight Baby
<2500gm
70
Very Low Birthweight Baby
<1500gm
71
Neonatal Respiratory Distress
Tachypnoea, increased WOB, noisy breathing, central cyanosis
72
Caesarean Hysterectomy
Laparotomy at which the contents of the gravid uterus are delivered, then the uterus is excised (e.g. due to placenta accreta)
73
Perimortem CS
Caesarean performed on a moribund or dead woman with a view to preserving her life

Women's Health Definitions (2 decks)

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