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Women's Health Definitions > Obstetrics > Flashcards

Obstetrics Flashcards

1
Q

Nullipara

A

Woman who has never been pregnant beyond 20/52 gestation

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2
Q

Gravid

A

Number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome

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3
Q

Para/Parity

A

Number of babies born after 20/52 gestation

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4
Q

G6, P4

A

Woman who has had 6 pregnancies (including current) with 4 babies born at more than 20/52 gestation

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5
Q

Grand Multipara

A

Woman who has delivered 5 or more babies at more than 20/52 gestation

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6
Q

Abortion/miscarraige

A

Pregnancy loss before 20/52 gestation

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7
Q

Labour

A

Regular painful contractions with associated cervical changes after 20/52 gestation

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8
Q

Lower Uterine Segment C-Section

A

Operational delivery of baby through an incision in the lower uterine segment

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9
Q

Classical C-Section

A

Operational delivery of baby through a vertical incision in the upper segment of the uterus

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10
Q

Hysterotomy

A

Operational delivery of baby through a uterine incision at less than 20/52 gestation

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11
Q

Preterm Labour

A

Labour at less than 37/52 gestation

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12
Q

Prelabour Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

A

Rupture of membranes before onset of labour

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13
Q

ARM/AROM

A

Artificial rupture of membranes

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14
Q

SROM

A

Spontaneous rupture of membranes

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15
Q

Braxton HIcks Contractions

A

Painless uterine contractions in the antenatal period

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16
Q

Naegles Rule

A

To estimate probable date of confinement. 9 months + 7 days to the first day of last menstrual period, correction required if patient does not have 28 day cycles

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17
Q

First Stage of Labour

A

Start of labour until full dilatation of cervix

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18
Q

Second Stage of Labour

A

From full dilatation of cervix until birth of the baby

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19
Q

Third Stage of Labour

A

From birth of baby until delivery of placenta and membranes

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20
Q

Spurious or False Labour

A

Uterine contractions which may be regular and/or painful, but are not associated with cervical dilatation and effacement

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21
Q

Oxytocic

A

Medication that stimulates contractions of uterine muscle

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22
Q

Tocolytic

A

Medication to stop uterine contractions

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23
Q

Induction of Labour

A

Process of causing labour to commence

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24
Q

Augmentation of Labour

A

Process of simulating labour that has already started

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25
Q

Placenta Praevia

A

Placenta that approaches or covers the internal cervical OS in late 2nd or 3rd trimester

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26
Q

Vasa Praevia

A

Foetal vessels lying in the membrane in front of the presenting part

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27
Q

Abruption

A

Separation of the placenta from the uterus in the antenatal or intrapartum period

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28
Q

Antepartum Haemorrhage

A

Bleeding >5ml from the vagina after 20/52 gestation

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29
Q

Postpartum Haemorrhage

A

Vaginal bleeding of >500ml in the 1st 24/24 after delivery

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30
Q

Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage

A

Vaginal bleeding of >500ml more than 24/24 after delivery

31
Q

Placenta Accreta

A

Placenta that invades the myometrium

32
Q

Uterine Atony

A

Abnormal relaxation of the uterus after delivery, usually causing bleeding

33
Q

Isoimmunisation

A

Blood group antibodies cross the placenta resulting in haemolysis of foetal red blood cells. Antibodies include D, c, K (Kell), Kidd, Duffy etc

34
Q

CTG

A

Cardiotocograph

35
Q

Neonatal Death

A

Liveborn infant who dies within 28/7 of birth, of at least 20/52 gestation or weighing >400gm if gestation is unknown

36
Q

Stillbirth

A

Infant born after 20/52 gestation or birthweight >400gm if gestation is unknown who shows no signs of life after birth

37
Q

Perinatal Mortality Rate

A

Number of stilbirths + neonatal deaths per 1000 births

38
Q

Maternal Death

A

Death of a woman while pregnant (irrespective of gestation) or within 42 days of conclusion of the pregnancy irrespective of the cause of death or gestation at delivery

39
Q

Maternal Mortality Rate

A

Number of maternal deaths per 100,000 births

40
Q

Infant death

A

Death of an infant between 29 days - 1 year of life

41
Q

Station

A

Level of descent of the presenting part relative to the pelvic brim or symphysis on abdominal palpation. Or to the ischial spines on vaginal examination.

42
Q

Lie

A

Relationship between long axis of the feotus and long axis of the uterus, e.g. longitudinal, oblique, transverse

43
Q

Position

A

Relationship of a defined area on the presenting part (the ‘denominator’) to the mother’s pelvis. In a cephalic presentation, the denominator is the occiput, thus the foetal position is described as occipito-anterior (OA), occipio-posterior (OP), left or right occipito-transverse (L/ROT). In a breech presentation, the denominator is the sacrum (SA, SP, ST)

44
Q

Presentation

A

The part of the fetus which is presenting e.g. vertex, breech

45
Q

Asynclitism

A

Side to side tilt of the foetal head

46
Q

Caput

A

Oedema from obstructed venous return in the foetal scalp, caused by pressure of the head against the cervix

47
Q

Cervical Incompetence

A

Painless cervical dilatation in the 2nd trimester causing preterm labour

48
Q

Cord Prolapse

A

Cord is alongside or below the presenting part in the presence of ruptured membranes

49
Q

Episiotomy

A

Surgical incision of the perineum during the second stage of labour

50
Q

Third Degree Tear

A

Perineal trauma which involves the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles and external anal sphincter

51
Q

Second Degree Tear

A

Perinela truama which involves the vaginal mucosa and the perineal muscles

52
Q

Lochia

A

Vaginal discharge during the puerperium (6 weeks following delivery)

53
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

Reduced aminiotic fluid

54
Q

Polyhydramnios

A

Excess amniotic fluid

55
Q

Pre Eclampsia

A

Hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy

56
Q

Eclampsia

A

Seizure in the clinical setting of preeclampsia

57
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Sampling of amniotic fluid using a needle through the abdominal wall of the woman

58
Q

Chorionic Villus Sampling

A

Sampling of the placenta using a needle under ultrasound guidance

59
Q

External Cephalic Version

A

Turning a breech baby to cephalic presentation through the maternal abdominal wall

60
Q

Retained Placenta

A

Placenta still in utero 1 hours after delivery of the baby

61
Q

Precipitate Labour

A

Labour <4 hours duration

62
Q

Shoulder Dystocia

A

Difficulty delivery the shoulders after delivery of the fetal head

63
Q

Puerperium

A

6 weeks following delivery

64
Q

Quickening

A

Maternal perception of fetal movements

65
Q

Restitution

A

Rotation of the fetal head after delivery to align with the back and shoulders

66
Q

Show

A

Discharge of blood and mucus from the vagina in early labour or the days preceding labour

67
Q

Phototherapy

A

Use of standard fluorescent white light or blue light therapy to photoisomerise bilirubin to allow for its excretion

68
Q

Exchange Transfusion

A

Procedure to treat severe newborn patholoical jaundice in which blood is removed and replaced with donor blood. This removes the bilirubin and also the antibodies that have been causing haemolysis and jaundice

69
Q

Low Birthweight Baby

A

<2500gm

70
Q

Very Low Birthweight Baby

A

<1500gm

71
Q

Neonatal Respiratory Distress

A

Tachypnoea, increased WOB, noisy breathing, central cyanosis

72
Q

Caesarean Hysterectomy

A

Laparotomy at which the contents of the gravid uterus are delivered, then the uterus is excised (e.g. due to placenta accreta)

73
Q

Perimortem CS

A

Caesarean performed on a moribund or dead woman with a view to preserving her life

Women's Health Definitions (2 decks)

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