Obstetric + Perinatal infections Flashcards
What is different in pregnancy in terms of infection for the mother
Physiological and imunological changes may increase susceptabilty and alter clinical manifestations
some drugs are contraindicated
What infections are different in pregnant and non pregnant women
UTI ( may be pyelonephritis)
Varicella
Rash ( maybe rubella or parovirus)
Give five examples of bacterial congenital infections
Cytomegalovirus Toxoplasmosis Rubella Varicella Syphilis
What does CMV infection ause
Congenital infection and fetal damage
Is timing important with CMV
no
How is congenital rubella trasmitted
Placentally
Is the outcome timing dependant for rubella
Yes
What are the different effects in timing with Rubella
1st tri- mulitiple developmental defects ( CNS heart eye)
12-18weeks- deafness
after 18 weeks- no risk
How can congential rubella be prevented
MMR vaccine
antenatal screening
post partum vaccination
investigation of all maternal rashes
What is toxoplasmosis, and what does it cause
Protozaon, brain damage and choroido-retinitis
What does congential Varicella cause
Skin loss, scarring, usually unilateral and segmented
impaired skin bud development
non-specfic- microcephaly - IUGR - cataracts
What is the overall risk of HIV mother to baby transmission and how can it be reduced
20%
maternal antiretroviral therapy
C-section
no breastfeeding
How is mother to baby HBV AND HCV transmission prevented
Vaccine for HBV
no vaccine for HCV
What is neonatal septiceamia/ meningitis caused by
Group B streptococcus
E.coli
and less commonly Listeria Monocytogenes
What can group B strep cause in neonates
Pneumonia septiceamia and mengingitis
Where is group B Strep normally found
Normal gut flora
What is the significance of maternal chicken-pox
Varicella pneumonia
in first 20 weeks - risk of fetal damage
late preg- neonatal chicken pox
What are the symptoms of neonatal herpes
50% internally disseminating infection without external lesions
50% external lesions and IDI
What is the prognosis like for neonatal herpes
Awful
What causes Opthalmia neonatorum
Neisseria gonorrhoae
Chlamydia Trachomatis
What is opthalmia neonatorum
Acute purulent conjunctivitis
