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OB CH 50 OBSTETRIC MSMTS & GA > OBSTETRIC MSMTS & GA > Flashcards

OBSTETRIC MSMTS & GA Flashcards

0
Q

WHAT APPEARS AT THE 4TH WEEK OF GA?

A

DOUBLE DECIDUAL SAC SIGN

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1
Q

HOW DOES THE G. SAC APPEAR AT 3-4 WEEKS?

A

AS AN ECHOGENIC THICKENING IN THE FUNDUS.

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2
Q

AS THE DOUBLE DECIDUAL SAC EMBEDS FURTHER INTO THE UT IS IS SURROUNDED BY?

A

AN ECHOGENIC RIM AND IS SEEN WITH THE CHORIODECIDUAL TISSUE KNOWN AS THE CHORIONIC OR GESTATIONAL SAC.

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3
Q

AT WHAT BETA HCG LEVEL SHOULD THE G. SAC BE SEEN?

A

500mIU/ml approx 5 wks

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4
Q

HOW MUCH DOES THE SAC INCREASE IN THE FIRST 10 WEEKS?

A

1mm/day

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5
Q

when the g.s exceeds ______ the yolk sac is seen.

A

8mm MSD

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6
Q

WHAT DOES THE YOLK SAC PROVIDE FOR THE EMBRYO?

A

NUTRIENTS AND AIDS IN FORMATION OF THE PRIMITIVE GUT, ARTERIES, VEINS, AND GERM CELLS

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7
Q

WHAT SIZE SHOULD A NORMAL YOLK SAC BE?

A

< 6MM

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8
Q

WHAT SIZE OF THE YOLK SAC IS ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY DEMISE?

A

> 8MM

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9
Q

HOW IS THE G.S. MEASURED?

A

CALIPERS AT THE FLUID-TISSUE INTERFACE NOT INCLUDING THE WALL. LXWXD

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10
Q

BY MEASURING THE G.S. HOW ACCURATE IS IT?

A

+/- 2 - 3 WEEKS IN 90% OF CASES. NOT USED TO DETERMINE GA AFTER MORE ACCURATE EMBRYONIC PARAMETERS CAN BE MEASURED.

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11
Q

AT WHAT GS SIZE SHOULD CARDIAC ACTIVITY BE SEEN?

A

16MM (5-6 WKS)

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12
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST ACCURATE SONO TECHNIQUE FOR ESTABLISHING THE GA?

A

CRL IN THE 1ST TRIMESTER

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13
Q

WHAT IS THE NORMAL CRL AT 38-39 DAYS (5.3 WKS)?

A

1 - 2MM

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14
Q

WHERE IS THE EMBRYO NORMALLY LOCATED?

A

ADJACENT TO THE YOLK SAC

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15
Q

HOW IS THE CRL MEASURED TRANS ABD?

A

WITH A FULL BLADDER & FROM THE TOP OF FETAL HEAD TO OUT FETAL RUMP EXCLUDING LIMBS OR YOLK SAC.

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16
Q

HOW ACCURATE IS THE CRL?

A

+/- 5 DAYS WITH 95% ACCURACY

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17
Q

WHEN WHOULD CARDIAC ACTIVITY BE SEEN WITH CRL?

A

WHEN IT EXCEEDS 7MM BY TRANS ABD OR 2MM BY T.V.

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18
Q

HOW MUCH DOES THE CRL INCREASE?

A

8MM PER DAY

19
Q

HOW DOES THE EMBRYONIC HEART E ACCELERATE AND FOR HOW LONG?

A

LINEARLY FROM THE 5 TO 9 WEEK. OR BEFORE THE CRL REACHES 2.5CM (9 WKS)

20
Q

WHAT IS THE APPROX BPM BETWEEN THE 1ST BEAT AND 9TH WK?

A

100 BPM

21
Q

WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR ESTIMATING EMBRYONIC AGE?

A

LMP DAYS = EHR X .3 +6 DAYS

22
Q

WHAT IS A CRL AGE EXCEEDING THE HEART RATE INDICATIVE OF?

A

A NEGATIVE OUTCOME

23
Q

HOW ARE FETAL HEART RATES TAKEN?

A

USING M-MODE & MAGNIFYING THE EMBRYO AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

24
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST WIDELY ACCEPTED MEANS OF MEASURING FETAL HEAD AND ESTIMATING THE FETUS AGE DURING THE 2ND TRIMESTER?

A

BIPARIETAL DIAMETER

25
Q

WHERE SHOULD THE BPD BE MEASURED AT?

A

PERP TO FETAL SKULL AT LEVEL OF THALAMUS AND SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM.

26
Q

WHAT ARE THE INTRACRANIAL LANDMARKS THAT SHOULD ALSO BE SEEN WHEN MEASURING BPD?

A

FALX, CSP, THALAMUS, AND CHOROID PLEXUS IN THE ATRIUM

27
Q

HOW ARE THE CALIPERS PLACED DURING BPD?

A

FROM THE OUTER EDGE TO INNER EDGE.
NO SOFT TISSUE INCLUDED.
THE PARIETAL BONES SHOULD NOT EXCEED 3MM EACH.

28
Q

IF THE FETUS IS TOO LARGE FOR CRL & BPD ANATOMY CANNOT BE DISTINGUISHED WHAT SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD?

A

THE CHORIOD PLEXUS LEVEL

29
Q

WHAT TECHNIQUE CAN PRODUCE A FALSE THICKENING AND INCORRECT MSMTS WHEN TRYING TO OBTAIN BPD?

A

HAVING THE GAIN SETTINGS TO HIGH

30
Q

WHEN SHOULD THE BPD NOT BE USED TO DATE PRGNANCYS?

A

IN SEVERE CASES OF CEPHALIC ANOMALIES

31
Q

WHEN DOES FETAL SKULL COMPRESSION OCCUR?

A
  • NML VERTEX POSITION
  • UT TUMORS
  • ## INTRAUTERINE CROWDING (MULTIPLE BABIES)
32
Q

WHERE IS THE HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE (HC) TAKEN AT?

A

IN THE TRV PLANE & AT SAME LEVEL OF BPD FROM FROZEN IMAGE WITH THE CALIPERS ON THE OUTER BORDER OF EACH SIDE.

33
Q

HOW DO YOU MEASURE THE OCCIPTIAL FRONTAL DIAMETER (OFD)?

A

FROM THE OUTER BORDER OF THE OCCIPUT TO THE OUTER BORDER OF THE FRONTAL BONE.

34
Q

THIS HEAD SHAPE WILL SHOW A SHORTENED BPD WITH AN ELONGATED OFD.

A

DOLICHOCEPHALY (FOOTBALL)

35
Q

THIS HEAD WILL SHOW AN ENLONGATED BPD WITH A SHORTEND OFD.

A

BRACHYCEPHALY (BASKETBALL)

36
Q

WHAT DOES THE CEPHALIC INDEX (CI) DETERMINE?

A

THE NORMALITY OF THE FETAL HEAD SHAPE. AN ABNML CI MAY BE AN EARLY INDICATION OF IMPENDING FETAL DEATH.

37
Q

WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR CI?

A

CI = BPD/OFD X 100

38
Q

WHAT IS THE ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE USED FOR?

A

TO MONITOR FETAL GROWTH AND DETECTING FETAL GROWTH DISTURBANCES LINKE IUGR AND MACROSOMIA NOT GA.

39
Q

WHERE IS THE A.C. MEASURED AT?

A

IN TRV PLANE AT THE LEVEL OF LIVER WHERE THE UMBILICAL VEIN BRANCHES INTO THE LPV (J-SHAPE).

40
Q

WHAT LANDMARK WILL INDICATE TOO LOW FOR AC TO BE OBTAINED?

A

KIDNEYS

41
Q

WHAT IS BONE IS ALWAYS MEASURED WHEN DETERMINING THE GA?

A

FEMUR

42
Q

HOW IS THE FEMUR MEASURED?

A
  • TRD ROTATED UNTIL FULL LENGHT OF FEMR IS SEEN AND THE ENDS SHOULD BE BLUNT NOT POINTED.
  • MEASURED FROM MAJOR TROCHANTER TO EXT CONDYLE NOT INCLUDING FEM HEAD.
43
Q

WHAT DETERMINES THE GA?

A

AVERAGE OF BPD, HC, AC, AND FL

44
Q

THE DEPTH OF THE CESTERN MANGA FROM THE POST ASPECT TO THE OCCIPITAL SHOULD BE?

A

5MM +/- 3MM

IF > THEN 10MM IT IS ABNML

45
Q

WHAT SHOULD THE NUCHAL FOLDS MEASURE?

A

LESS THAN 3MM

OB CH 50 OBSTETRIC MSMTS & GA (6 decks)

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