OBSTETRIC MSMTS & GA

Question 0

WHAT APPEARS AT THE 4TH WEEK OF GA?

Answer 0

DOUBLE DECIDUAL SAC SIGN

Question 1

HOW DOES THE G. SAC APPEAR AT 3-4 WEEKS?

Answer 1

AS AN ECHOGENIC THICKENING IN THE FUNDUS.

Question 2

AS THE DOUBLE DECIDUAL SAC EMBEDS FURTHER INTO THE UT IS IS SURROUNDED BY?

Answer 2

AN ECHOGENIC RIM AND IS SEEN WITH THE CHORIODECIDUAL TISSUE KNOWN AS THE CHORIONIC OR GESTATIONAL SAC.

Question 3

AT WHAT BETA HCG LEVEL SHOULD THE G. SAC BE SEEN?

Answer 3

500mIU/ml approx 5 wks

Question 4

HOW MUCH DOES THE SAC INCREASE IN THE FIRST 10 WEEKS?

Answer 4

1mm/day

Question 5

when the g.s exceeds ______ the yolk sac is seen.

Answer 5

8mm MSD

Question 6

WHAT DOES THE YOLK SAC PROVIDE FOR THE EMBRYO?

Answer 6

NUTRIENTS AND AIDS IN FORMATION OF THE PRIMITIVE GUT, ARTERIES, VEINS, AND GERM CELLS

Question 7

WHAT SIZE SHOULD A NORMAL YOLK SAC BE?

Answer 7

< 6MM

Question 8

WHAT SIZE OF THE YOLK SAC IS ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY DEMISE?

Answer 8

> 8MM

Question 9

HOW IS THE G.S. MEASURED?

Answer 9

CALIPERS AT THE FLUID-TISSUE INTERFACE NOT INCLUDING THE WALL. LXWXD

Question 10

BY MEASURING THE G.S. HOW ACCURATE IS IT?

Answer 10

+/- 2 - 3 WEEKS IN 90% OF CASES. NOT USED TO DETERMINE GA AFTER MORE ACCURATE EMBRYONIC PARAMETERS CAN BE MEASURED.

Question 11

AT WHAT GS SIZE SHOULD CARDIAC ACTIVITY BE SEEN?

Answer 11

16MM (5-6 WKS)

Question 12

WHAT IS THE MOST ACCURATE SONO TECHNIQUE FOR ESTABLISHING THE GA?

Answer 12

CRL IN THE 1ST TRIMESTER

Question 13

WHAT IS THE NORMAL CRL AT 38-39 DAYS (5.3 WKS)?

Answer 13

1 - 2MM

Question 14

WHERE IS THE EMBRYO NORMALLY LOCATED?

Answer 14

ADJACENT TO THE YOLK SAC

Question 15

HOW IS THE CRL MEASURED TRANS ABD?

Answer 15

WITH A FULL BLADDER & FROM THE TOP OF FETAL HEAD TO OUT FETAL RUMP EXCLUDING LIMBS OR YOLK SAC.

Question 16

HOW ACCURATE IS THE CRL?

Answer 16

+/- 5 DAYS WITH 95% ACCURACY

Question 17

WHEN WHOULD CARDIAC ACTIVITY BE SEEN WITH CRL?

Answer 17

WHEN IT EXCEEDS 7MM BY TRANS ABD OR 2MM BY T.V.

Question 18

HOW MUCH DOES THE CRL INCREASE?

Answer 18

8MM PER DAY

Question 19

HOW DOES THE EMBRYONIC HEART E ACCELERATE AND FOR HOW LONG?

Answer 19

LINEARLY FROM THE 5 TO 9 WEEK. OR BEFORE THE CRL REACHES 2.5CM (9 WKS)

Question 20

WHAT IS THE APPROX BPM BETWEEN THE 1ST BEAT AND 9TH WK?

Answer 20

100 BPM

Question 21

WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR ESTIMATING EMBRYONIC AGE?

Answer 21

LMP DAYS = EHR X .3 +6 DAYS

Question 22

WHAT IS A CRL AGE EXCEEDING THE HEART RATE INDICATIVE OF?

Answer 22

A NEGATIVE OUTCOME

Question 23

HOW ARE FETAL HEART RATES TAKEN?

Answer 23

USING M-MODE & MAGNIFYING THE EMBRYO AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE

Question 24

WHAT IS THE MOST WIDELY ACCEPTED MEANS OF MEASURING FETAL HEAD AND ESTIMATING THE FETUS AGE DURING THE 2ND TRIMESTER?

Answer 24

BIPARIETAL DIAMETER

Question 25

WHERE SHOULD THE BPD BE MEASURED AT?

Answer 25

PERP TO FETAL SKULL AT LEVEL OF THALAMUS AND SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM.

Question 26

WHAT ARE THE INTRACRANIAL LANDMARKS THAT SHOULD ALSO BE SEEN WHEN MEASURING BPD?

Answer 26

FALX, CSP, THALAMUS, AND CHOROID PLEXUS IN THE ATRIUM

Question 27

HOW ARE THE CALIPERS PLACED DURING BPD?

Answer 27

FROM THE OUTER EDGE TO INNER EDGE. NO SOFT TISSUE INCLUDED. THE PARIETAL BONES SHOULD NOT EXCEED 3MM EACH.

Question 28

IF THE FETUS IS TOO LARGE FOR CRL & BPD ANATOMY CANNOT BE DISTINGUISHED WHAT SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD?

Answer 28

THE CHORIOD PLEXUS LEVEL

Question 29

WHAT TECHNIQUE CAN PRODUCE A FALSE THICKENING AND INCORRECT MSMTS WHEN TRYING TO OBTAIN BPD?

Answer 29

HAVING THE GAIN SETTINGS TO HIGH

Question 30

WHEN SHOULD THE BPD NOT BE USED TO DATE PRGNANCYS?

Answer 30

IN SEVERE CASES OF CEPHALIC ANOMALIES

Question 31

WHEN DOES FETAL SKULL COMPRESSION OCCUR?

Answer 31

- NML VERTEX POSITION - UT TUMORS - INTRAUTERINE CROWDING (MULTIPLE BABIES) -

Question 32

WHERE IS THE HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE (HC) TAKEN AT?

Answer 32

IN THE TRV PLANE & AT SAME LEVEL OF BPD FROM FROZEN IMAGE WITH THE CALIPERS ON THE OUTER BORDER OF EACH SIDE.

Question 33

HOW DO YOU MEASURE THE OCCIPTIAL FRONTAL DIAMETER (OFD)?

Answer 33

FROM THE OUTER BORDER OF THE OCCIPUT TO THE OUTER BORDER OF THE FRONTAL BONE.

Question 34

THIS HEAD SHAPE WILL SHOW A SHORTENED BPD WITH AN ELONGATED OFD.

Answer 34

DOLICHOCEPHALY (FOOTBALL)

Question 35

THIS HEAD WILL SHOW AN ENLONGATED BPD WITH A SHORTEND OFD.

Answer 35

BRACHYCEPHALY (BASKETBALL)

Question 36

WHAT DOES THE CEPHALIC INDEX (CI) DETERMINE?

Answer 36

THE NORMALITY OF THE FETAL HEAD SHAPE. AN ABNML CI MAY BE AN EARLY INDICATION OF IMPENDING FETAL DEATH.

Question 37

WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR CI?

Answer 37

CI = BPD/OFD X 100

Question 38

WHAT IS THE ABDOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE USED FOR?

Answer 38

TO MONITOR FETAL GROWTH AND DETECTING FETAL GROWTH DISTURBANCES LINKE IUGR AND MACROSOMIA NOT GA.

Question 39

WHERE IS THE A.C. MEASURED AT?

Answer 39

IN TRV PLANE AT THE LEVEL OF LIVER WHERE THE UMBILICAL VEIN BRANCHES INTO THE LPV (J-SHAPE).

Question 40

WHAT LANDMARK WILL INDICATE TOO LOW FOR AC TO BE OBTAINED?

Answer 40

KIDNEYS

Question 41

WHAT IS BONE IS ALWAYS MEASURED WHEN DETERMINING THE GA?

Answer 41

FEMUR

Question 42

HOW IS THE FEMUR MEASURED?

Answer 42

- TRD ROTATED UNTIL FULL LENGHT OF FEMR IS SEEN AND THE ENDS SHOULD BE BLUNT NOT POINTED. - MEASURED FROM MAJOR TROCHANTER TO EXT CONDYLE NOT INCLUDING FEM HEAD.

Question 43

WHAT DETERMINES THE GA?

Answer 43

AVERAGE OF BPD, HC, AC, AND FL

Question 44

THE DEPTH OF THE CESTERN MANGA FROM THE POST ASPECT TO THE OCCIPITAL SHOULD BE?

Answer 44

5MM +/- 3MM IF > THEN 10MM IT IS ABNML

Question 45

WHAT SHOULD THE NUCHAL FOLDS MEASURE?

Answer 45

LESS THAN 3MM