Objects and Classes Flashcards
Object-oriented programming enables you to develop large-scale ________ and _______ effectively.
software and GUIs
A class defines the properties and behaviors for _________.
objects
An object represents an entity in the real world that can be distinctly ________.
identified
What is Object-oriented programming (OOP)?
It’s an approach to programming that involves organizing objects and their behavior into classes of reusable components.
An objects has both a ______ and _______.
state and behavior.
A Python class uses _______ to store ____ _____ and defines ______ to perform ______. Additionally, a class provides a special type method, known as ______, which is invoked to create a new ______.
A Python class uses variables to store data fields and defines methods to perform actions. Additionally, a class provides a special type method. known as initializer, which is invoked to create a new object.
How do you define a class?
Define the initializer, create data fields, and define methods.
How do you create an object?
Use a constructor.
_______ is a template, blueprint, or contract that defines objects of the same type.
A class
The keyword __________ is required to define a class.
Class
Once a class is defined, you can create objects from the class with a ________. The ________ does two things:
It creates an _____ in the memory for the ______.
It invokes the class’s ______ method to initialize the object.
constructor constructor object class \_\_init\_\_
The syntax for a constructor is:
ClassName(arguments)
What is the name of the initializer method?
__init__
________ is used to create an object.
A constructor
An object is an instance of a __________.
class
What is the object member access operator for?
The object member access operator is the dot (.).
The first parameter in the initializer method is named self by convention. What is the role of self?
The self refers to the object itself. Through self, the members of the object can be accessed.
What is a UML diagram?
A graphical notation for describing classes and their relationships
What are the benefits of data hiding? How is it done in Python?
Two benefits: (1) for protecting data and (2) for easy to maintain the class.In Python, private data fields are defined with two leading underscores.
How do you define a private method?
Add two underscores as the prefix for the method name.
____ _____ in classes should be hidden to prevent data tampering and to make classes easy to maintain.
Data fields
