Intro Programming

Question 1

What is a computer program?

Answer 1

Computer programs, known as software, are the invisible instructions that control the hardware and make it perform tasks.

Question 2

Computer programming is…

Answer 2

…the writing of instructions (i.e., code) for computers to perform

Question 3

What is CPU?

Answer 3

The central processing unit (CPU) is a computer’s brain. It retrieves instructions from memory and executes them.

Question 4

Computers use ____ and ____ because digital devices have two _____ electrical states, ___ and ___, referred to by convention as ____ and ____.

Answer 4

Computers use zeros and ones because digital devices have two stable electrical states, off and on, referred to by convention as zero and one.

Question 5

A bit is a…

Answer 5

…binary digit 0 or 1

Question 6

A byte is a…

Answer 6

…sequence of 8 bits

Question 7

A kilobyte is about _____ bytes, a megabyte about _____ bytes, a gigabyte about _____ bytes, and a terabyte about _____ gigabytes.

Answer 7

A kilobyte is about 1,000 bytes, a megabyte about 1 million bytes, a gigabyte about 1 billion bytes, and a terabyte about 1,000 gigabytes.

Question 8

What does the memory in a computer do?

Answer 8

Memory stores data and program instructions for the CPU to execute.

Question 9

Memory is _____ because information that hasn’t been saved is _____ when the power is turned off.

Answer 9

Memory is volatile because information that hasn’t been saved is lost when the power is turned off.

Question 10

What is machine language?

Answer 10

The machine language is a set of primitive instructions built into every computer.

Question 11

What is assembly language?

Answer 11

Assembly language is a low-level programming language in which a mnemonic is used to represent each machine-language instruction.

Question 12

High-level languages are _______ and easy to learn and program.

Answer 12

High-level languages are English-like and easy to learn and program.

Question 13

A program written in a high-level language is called _______.

Answer 13

source code

Question 14

What is a compiler?

Answer 14

A compiler is a software program that translates the source program into a machine-language program.

Question 15

What is the operating system (OS)?

Answer 15

The operating system (OS) is a program that manages and controls a computer’s activities.

Question 16

Python is _______, meaning that Python translates each statement and processes it ________.

Answer 16

interpreted, one at a time

Question 17

Python source programs are ________.

Answer 17

case sensitive.

Question 18

Programming errors can be categorized into three types: _____, ______, and ______.

Answer 18

syntax errors, runtime errors, and logic errors.

Question 19

Syntax and runtime errors cause a program to _______. Logic errors occur when a program _________.

Answer 19

Syntax and runtime errors cause a program to terminate abnormally. Logic errors occur when a program does not perform the way it was intended to.

Question 20

Name the 6 main phases of the software development cycle.

Answer 20

1 - Planning
2 - Analysis
3 - Design
4 - Implementation (programming)
5 - Testing and integration
6 - Maintenance

Question 21

What is DevOps?

Answer 21

Development and Operations. First you develop, then you maintain and operate. It aims to shorten the systems development life cycle and provide continuous delivery with high software quality.

Question 22

Is programming more than coding?

Answer 22

Yes. Programming includes planning, testing, debugging and improving code.

Question 23

Describe the program development cycle.

Answer 23

1 - Design
2 - Code
3 - Correct syntax errors
4 - Testing
5 - Correct logic errors

Question 24

Pseudocode is

Answer 24

a plain language description of the steps in an algorithm/code. Often uses structural conventions of a normal programming language, but is intended for human reading rather than machine reading