*Objectivity And Subjectivity Flashcards
What is the general perspective of sociologists regarding values in their research?
Some argue it is both possible and desirable for sociologists to keep their subjective values out of their research, while others argue that staying value neutral is impossible.
Why do some believe that sociologists cannot remain value neutral?
Because sociologists are humans studying other humans.
What was the view of early positivists like Comte and Durkheim regarding sociology?
Sociology’s job was to discover the truth about how society worked and to improve human life.
How did Marx view his role as a sociologist?
He believed he had discovered the truth about society’s future and the inevitability of a classless society.
What distinction does Weber make regarding values and facts?
Weber distinguishes between value judgments and facts, arguing that a value can neither be proven nor disproved by the facts.
What role do values play in sociological research according to Weber?
Values serve as a guide for research, influence the interpretation of data, and require sociologists to take moral responsibility for their work.
Fill in the blank: According to Weber, facts need to be set in a ______ to understand their significance.
[theoretical framework]
What is the criticism regarding the positivist approach to sociology?
Critics argue that it reflects a desire to make sociology respectable in a society where science has high prestige.
What does Gouldner argue about American sociologists by the 1950s?
He argues they had become ‘spiritless technicians’ hiring themselves out to organizations like government and military.
What is the Human Terrain system an example of?
It is an example where anthropologists study social groups for military decision-making, raising ethical concerns.
What is committed sociology according to Myrdal and Gouldner?
Sociologists should identify with their values and openly ‘take sides,’ espousing the interests of actual groups.
Who does the interactionist Becker suggest sociologists should side with?
Becker argues sociologists should take the side of the underdog, such as criminals and mental patients.
What perspective does Gouldner offer in response to Becker’s view?
Gouldner criticizes Becker for romanticizing underdogs and argues that sociologists should be committed to ending their oppression.
What impact does funding have on sociological research?
Funding may control the direction of research, influence the questions asked, and even prevent publication of findings.
According to Gouldner, how do values influence sociological research?
Values influence the topics chosen, the concepts developed, and the conclusions reached by sociologists.
