objectives c2 Flashcards
constitution
documents establishing the basic rules and procedures for how a society shall be governed
declaration of independence
in 1776 document declaring american independence from Great Britian and calling for equality
human rights and citizen partipation
articles of confederation
initial governing authority of the US 1781-1788
Constitutional convention
meeting in 1787 at which 12 states intended to revise the articles of confederation but ended up proposing an enterly new constituion
connectiticut compromise
compromise n legeslative representatiation whereby the lower chamber, house of representatives is based on population and the upper chamber, Senate, provides equal representation to the states
3/5 compromise
compromise over slavery at te constituional convention that granted states extra representation in the House of the representatives based on their number of slaves at the ratio of 3/5
enumerated powers
powers expressly granted to congress (legeslative branch) by the consittuioin and the rest of the powers belong to the state and people
bill of rights
first t10 admendemnts to thte constituition which provide poloitical rights
sugar act
when
describe
1764
required colonists to export certain items only to britian
stamp act
imposed taxes on almost all paper products; boycotts and riots followed
townshend act
imposed new taxes on mports; led to rally cry otaxation w/o representation
boston massacre
5 colonists killed by by britian soliders led Parliament to repeal all Townshend Act taxes EXCEPT for tea tax
Coercive Act
restricted political freedoms in Mass.
Quartering Act
required colonists to house britain soliders in their homes
First Continetial Congress
rejected reconciliation with britian and sent grievances to King George III
Second Continetal Congress
Acted as the National government of states, 1775-1781
approved Declaration of Independenc and appointed George Washington as commander of army
who was the only who signed the Declaration of Independence on july 4th, 1776
John Hancock
members of the house are elected for how many years
2 yrs
prerequistes to become a Representative? (House of Representative)
25yrs+
resident of the the state they serve
us citizen for 7yrs+
17th admendment
both state legislature and people can vote for senators
why did the framers design the senate
check on the popular will
and states’ right
requistes to become a senator
30yrs+
resident of the state they serve 9yrs+
maxmimum years a senator can serve
6yrs
what is the only law that must orginate in the House
bills levy taxes
how does a law get passed and veto
identical bill goes thru both houses then to president for his signature
consitution pemits Congress to?
collect taxes
pay debts
provide common defense
and general welfare
borrow and coin money
regulate commerce
raise an army
Consitution gives power to the House of R. by permiting
impeach/ give charges against the president/ federal officers
by politixal activities against the public trust and criminal activites
Constitution gives piwer to the Senate
sole authority to try case for impeachment
2/3 required and confirmed by the majority of the judiicial and executive branch
president qualifications
35yrs+
us citizen 14yrs+
president’s role
veto, grant pardon
commander in chief of the army
with consent of the Senate can make treaties
and appoint ambassadors and judges
how can a president be removed from office
impechement
25th adm. a vote by vice pres. and majoritt of the cabinet
judicial branch consists of
One supreme court and inferior courts
what does it take to be in the supreme court
approval of the president and the senate
residency of being a judge in a supreme court
lifeterm
judicial review
authority of the supreme court and inferior courts (judicial branch) to declare laws passed by congress (legslature branch) and acts of the executive branch to be unconstitutional
marbury v madison
supreme court case that saw the law passed as unconsitituional which caused the judical review
admendment
formal process of changing the Constitution
how can the consitution be changed
2/3 vote congress
3/4 state approval by state ratfying conventions as directed by congress
constitution prohibits admendments that would
deny any state an equal vote in the Senate
any admendment ban a foreign slave trade
madison’s “auxillary precautions” about the gov’s concentration of power?
federalism- sys. of gov. in which sovergnity is constitutionally divided between national and state governments
seperation of powers- gov. structure of authority was divided into branches
checks and balances- gov. structure that authorize each branch of gov. to share powers and control over the branches
federalism is found in what admendment
10th adm.
how many admendemnts did congress proposed and were approved by 2/3 of the states?
27
bill of rights
civil war adm.
how does the constitution limit states’ power
federal law supreme over state law
states must establish a republican form of gov.
sets limits on the kind legislation law a state can pass such as can not pass a law about people guilty of crimes called ex post facto laws (making a past legal behavior illegal)
denies laws that can cancel contracts
no title of nobility
habeas corpus- can not keep an person improsined unless went to the judge and heard the reason
federalists vs anitfederalists
initially those who supported the consitution during the ratification period; later the name of the political party established by supporters of Alexander Hamiliton VS opposition to the consitution
antifederalist’s arguement and federalist response?
they believe that the national gov. would have too much power over the states
and the president can pardon his criminal partners
federalists: split powers and impeachment
what was the general welfare clause and necessary and proper clause
general welfare clause was given to the federal gov. to give welfare to the people via tax
necessary and proper clause are all the powers not expressively mentioned but given to the national gov. but must go through the people first via thir elected offficialas
*
antifederalist scoffed at the necessary and proper clause and called it
sweeping clause vc they blieved it granted the gov. absolute power
implied powers
powers not expressly granted to Congress but added through the necessary and proper clause
