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Health assessment > objective 19 > Flashcards

objective 19 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the external genitalia structure>

A

penis and scrotum

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2
Q

what are the internal genitalia structures>

A

testis, epididymis, vas deferens

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3
Q

what are the 3 cylindrical columns of erectile tissue>

A
  • 2 corpora cavernosa
  • Corpus spongiosum
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4
Q

Cone of erectile tissue at the distal end of the shaft

A

glans

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5
Q

Where the glans joins the shaft

A

corona

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6
Q

Transverses the corpus spongiosum, the meatus forms a slit at tip of the glans

A

urethra

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7
Q

Hood or flap where the skin folds in and back on itself

A

prepuce

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8
Q

fold of the foreskin that extends ventrally from the urethral meatus

A

frenulum

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9
Q

Loose protective sac, continuation of the abdominal wall

A

scrotum

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10
Q

control the size of the scrotum (respond to ambient
temperature)

A

cremaster muscles

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11
Q
  • One in each scrotal half
  • Produce sperm
  • Each is a solid oval structure
  • Each measures 4-5 cm long x 3 cm wide in adults
A

testis

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12
Q
  • Caps the testis
  • Coiled, duct system
  • Main site for sperm storage
A

epididymis

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13
Q

Muscular duct that is continuous with the lower part of the epididymis

A

vas deferens

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14
Q

Junction of the lower abdominal wall and the thigh

A

inguinal area

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15
Q

what are the landmarks of the inguinal areas?

A
  • Inguinal ligament
  • Inguinal canal
  • Femoral canal
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16
Q

what are the developmental considerations of infants and adolescents?

A
  • In utero, testes develop in the abdominal cavity near the kidneys
  • The testes descend along the inguinal canal into the scrotum before
    birth
  • Puberty:
  • Enlargement of the testes is the first sign of puberty
  • Followed by the development of pubic hair
  • Increase in penis size
17
Q

what are the developmental considerations of older men?

A
  • Decreased sperm production (begins at approximately
    age 40)
  • Decrease in testosterone production (after age 55-60
    years)
  • Decrease in pubic hair (remaining hair turns gray)
  • Decreased in penis size and size of testes
  • Scrotum more pendulous
  • Slower, less intense sexual response (declining
    testosterone production)
18
Q

what is the positioning for the exam?

A
  • Client standing, underwear down:
  • Drape for modesty (important for all clients)
  • Examiner should be sitting
  • Alternative position:
  • Client supine for the first part of the examination and then stands to
    check for hernia
19
Q

what equipment do u need>

A
  • For an external examination:
  • Gloves
  • Should be worn during all aspects of the examination
  • Flashlight
20
Q

how may the client feel?

A
  • Feel apprehensive
  • Feel it is an invasion of privacy
  • Be modest
  • Fear negative judgment
  • Fear experiencing pain
  • Fear having an erection during the examination and that it could be
    misinterpreted by the examiner
21
Q

what may the examiner feel?

A
  • Feel embarrassed
  • Feel apprehensive
  • The examiner should portray confidence and be relaxed during the
    examination. The examiner should not discuss genitourinary history or sexual
    practices while performing the exam. The client may perceive this as being judgemental
22
Q

what are the normal and abnormal of the skin?

A
  • Normal: skin looks wrinkled, hairless, no lesions, the dorsal vein
    may be apparent
  • Abnormal: inflammation, lesions
23
Q

what is the normal and abnormal findings for hair distribution>

A
  • Normal: At the base of the penis – pubic hair distribution is
    consistent with age, no infestations
  • Abnormal: Infestation (pubic lice or nits), excoriated skin usually
    accompanies infestation
24
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the glans?

A
  • Normal: smooth, no lesions, ask an uncircumcised male to
    retract foreskin – should move easy, some smegma may have
    collected under the foreskin
  • Abnormal: inflammation on glans or corona, phimosis,
    paraphimosis
25
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the urethral meatus?

A
  • Normal: centrally positioned
  • Abnormal: hypospadias, epispadias
26
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the shaft of penis?

A
  • Normal: smooth, semi-firm, non-tender
  • Abnormal: tenderness, nodule, induration
27
Q

what are the normal ahd abnormal findings of the scrotum>

A
  • Asymmetry is normal – the left scrotal half is usually lower than the
    right
  • Abnormal: scrotal swelling, lesions
  • Scrotal size varies with ambient room temperature
28
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the rugae>

A

Normal: no lesions except for sebaceous cysts
* Abnormal: Inflammation

29
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the testes?

A
  • Normal: oval, firm, rubbery, smooth, equal bilaterally,
    freely movable and slightly tender to moderate pressure
  • Abnormal: absence of testes, atrophied testes, fixed testes,
    nodular testes, marked tenderness
30
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the epididymis?

A
  • Normal: feels discrete, softer than the testis, smooth, non-
    tender
  • Abnormal: induration, swollen and tender epididymis
    (epididymitis)
31
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of the spermatic cord?

A
  • Normal: smooth, non-tender cord
  • Abnormal: thickened cord; soft, swollen tortuous cord (varicocele`
32
Q

procedure done only if swelling or
mass found:
* Darken room
* Shine strong flashlight from behind the scrotal contents
* Normal scrotal contents cannot be transilluminated, serous
fluid can be transilluminated and glows red; blood and tumors
cannot be transilluminated

A

transillumination

33
Q

what are normal and abnormal findings of the inguinal region?

A
  • Normal: none present
  • Abnormal: bulge visible
34
Q

what should you teach men?

A
  • Examine after a warm bath or shower – heat from
    warm water relaxes the scrotum
  • Carefully feel each testicle for any changes such
    as lumps or tenderness
  • Compare two sides and note any differences
  • It is normal for one testicle to be larger than the other
  • Report changes to a physician as soon as
    possible
  • Use a systematic pattern to check each testicle
    by feeling it
34
Q

what are the normal and abnormal findings of inguinal lymph nodes?

A
  • Normal:
  • No nodes palpable
  • However, may occasionally palpate an isolated
    node
  • Normal node feels small (less than 1cm),
    soft, discrete, and movable
  • Abnormal:
  • Enlarged, hard, matted, fixed nodes

Health assessment (11 decks)

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