Obj. 8: Symp. & Parasymp Effects on Specific Organs Flashcards
What is the parasympathetic effect on the eyes?
- Stimulates iris sphincter muscles, so pupils constrict
- Stimulates ciliary muscle, which bulges lens for close vision
What is the sympathetic effect on the eyes?
- Stimulates iris dilator muscles, so pupils dilate
- Inhibits the ciliary muscle, which flattens the lens for far vision
What is the parasympathetic effect on salivary glands?
Stimulates secretion of watery saliva
What is the sympathetic effect on salivary glands?
Stimulates secretion of thick, viscous saliva
What is the parasympathetic effect on Eccrine Sweat glands?
- no effect, (no innervation)
What is the sympathetic effect on Eccrine Sweat Glands?
- Stimulates large amounts of sweating (via cholingergic fibers)
What is the parasympathetic effect on Arrector pili muscles?
No efffect (no innervation)
What is the parasympathetic effect on Adrenal Medulla?
No effect (no innervation)
What is the sympathetic effect on Arrector pili muscles?
Stimulates contraction
What is the sympathetic effect on Adrenal Medulla?
Stimulates cells to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine
What is the parasympathetic effect on Heart (Cardiac) Muscle?
Decreases rate; slows heart
What is the sympathetic effect on the Heart (Cardiac) muscle?
Increases rate & force of contraction
What is the parasympathetic effect on Blood Vessels?
Little or no effect
What is the sympathetic effect on Blood Vessels?
- Constricts most vessels and increases blood pressure
- Constricts vessels of abdominal viscera and skin to divert blood to muscles, brain & heart
- NE constricts most vessels
- Epinephrine (released from adrenal medulla)dilates skeletal muscle vessels during exercise
What is the parasympathetic effect on Lungs?
Constricts bronchioles (narrows the airways)
What is the sympathetic effect on Lungs?
Dialtes bronchioles (opens up the airways)
What is the parasympathetic effect on gastrointestinal Tract
- Increases motility (peristalsis) of stomach and intestines
- Increases amount of digestive secretions (incl. enzymes)
- relaxes sphincters to allow for movement of food along tract
What is the sympathetic effect on Gastrointestinal Tract?
- Decreases motility (peristalsis) of stomach and intestines
- Decreases secretion activity of digestive organs & glands
- Constricts sphincters (ex: stomach and anal sphincters)
What is parasympathetic effect on Bladder?
Contracts smooth muscle of bladder wall; relaxes sphincter; promotes urination
What is sympathetic effect on Bladder?
Relaxes smooth muscle of bladder wall; constricts sphincters; inhibits urination
What is the parasympathetic effect on External Genitalia?
- Causes vasodilation (erection/engorgement)
- Increases lubrication
What is the sympathetic effect on External Genitalia?
- Causes ejaculation (penis)
- Causes contractions of vagina
