Obj. 7: Cholinergic & Adrenergic Fibers, Neurotransmitters & Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main neurotransmitters of the ANS?

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

and

Norepinephrine (NE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which axons release Acetylcholine (ACh)?

A

**All preganglionic axons **

& ALL parasympathetic postganglionic axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which neurotransmitter is released by cholinergic fibers?

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which neurotransmitter is released by Adrenergic fibers?

A

Adrenergic fibers are a type of sympathetic postganglionic axons that release

**NE (and Epinephrine) **

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the effects of neurotransmitters?

A

excitatory or inhibitory depending upon the receptor type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two types of Cholinergic receptors that bind ACh?

A

**nicotinic **

&

muscarinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where did the names for muscarinic and nicotinic receptors come from?

A

The names came from drugs that bind to them and mimic ACh effects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where are Nicotinic Receptors found?

A
  • Motor end plates (skeletal muscle)
  • All ganglionic neurons of both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
    • (site of synapse of preganglionic fibers)
  • The hormone-producing cells of the adrenal medulla (NE & Epi)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the effect of ACh binding to nicotinic receptors?

A

ACh binding to nicotonic receptors is always stimulatory as it directly opens ion channels,

depolarizing the postsynaptic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are Muscarinic Receptors found?

A

Muscarinic Receptors occur on all effector cells stimulated by postganglionic cholinergic fibers (all parasympathetic and some sympathetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the effect of ACh binding to Muscarinic Receptors?

A

Can either be inhibitory or excitatory

depends on the receptor type of the target organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of Adrenergic Receptors (sympathetic postganglionic only) ?

A

Alpha and Beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the subclasses for each of the alpha and beta adrenergic receptors?

A

alpha1

alpha2

beta1

beta2

beta3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the effects of NE binding to alpha adrenergic receptors?

A

generally stimulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the effects of NE binding to beta adrenergic receptors?

A

generally inhibitory

exception: NE binding to beta receptors of the heart is stimulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or false?

In the Somatic Nervous system, all receptors are cholinergic (ACh) - nicotinic at skeletal muscle

A

TRUE

17
Q

In the Parasympathetic Nervous System,

preganglionic terminals release __?__, so ganglion receptors are ________?_____

A

In the Parasympathetic Nervous System,

Preganglionic terminals release ACh, so ganglion receptors are cholinergic-nicotinic

18
Q

In the Parasympathetic Nervous System,

Postganglionic terminals release ____, so effector organ receptors are ______?_____

A

In the Parasympathetic Nervous System,

Postganglionic terminals release ACh, so effector organ receptors are cholinergic - muscarinic

19
Q

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

preganglionic terminals release __?___, so ganglion receptors are ____?____

A

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

Preganglionic terminals release ACh, so ganglion receptors are cholinergic - nicotinic

20
Q

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

Post ganglionic terminals release _?__, at a few effectors (eccrine sweat glands & some skeletal muscle blood vessels), so these are ___?______

A

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

Post ganglionic terminals release ACh at at few effectors (eccrine sweat glands & some skeletal muscle blood vessels), so these are cholinergic - muscarinic

21
Q

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

Most postganglionic terminals release ____?___, so ganglion receptors are either

_________ or ____________, depending on receptor type (alpha or beta)

A

In the Sympathetic Nervous System,

Most postganglionic terminals release NE, so ganglion receptors are either alpha-adrenergic or beta-adrenergic, depending on the receptor type (alpha or beta)