Obj. 2.01 Child Development Vocab

Question 1

Adoption

Answer 1

the action or fact of legally taking another’s child and bringing it up as one’s own, or the fact of being adopted

Question 2

Amniocentesis

Answer 2

the sampling of amniotic fluid using a hollow needle inserted into the uterus, to screen for developmental abnormalities in a fetus

Question 3

Amniotic Fluid

Answer 3

the fluid surrounding a fetus within the amnion

Question 4

Amniotic Sac

Answer 4

the fluid-filled sac that contains and protects a fetus in the womb

Question 5

Artificial Insemination

Answer 5

the medical procedure of injecting semen into the vagina or uterus

Question 6

Blastocyst

Answer 6

a fertilized egg after 5 days, a rapidly dividing ball of cells

Question 7

Cervix

Answer 7

the lower, narrow end of the uterus that forms a canal between the uterus and vagina

Question 8

Conception

Answer 8

the joining of a sperm and egg, also known as fertilization

Question 9

Diagnostic Prenatal Test

Answer 9

testing the fetus before birth (prenatally) to determine whether the fetus has certain abnormalities, including certain hereditary or spontaneous genetic disorders

Question 10

Embryo

Answer 10

an unborn human in the very early stages of development, weeks 3–8, when cells continue to divide and begin to take on different functions

Question 11

Embryonic Stage

Answer 11

the stage starting when the blastocyst implants into the uterus through the eighth week following fertilization

Question 12

Fallopian Tubes

Answer 12

a pair of tubes through which female eggs travel from the ovaries to the uterus

Question 13

Fetus

Answer 13

a developing human from usually two months after conception to birth

Question 14

Folate

Answer 14

a B vitamin (found in dark leafy greens, oranges, nuts, beans, and peas) that the body needs to make DNA and other genetic material, and to help cells divide

Question 15

Folic Acid

Answer 15

a synthetic form of folate that is added to fortify foods

Question 16

Full-Term Pregnancy

Answer 16

when a baby is born between 39 weeks, 0 days and 40 weeks, 6 days

Question 17

Germinal Stage

Answer 17

the first 1 to 2 weeks of prenatal life after fertilization, in which the fertilized egg (zygote) migrates to the uterus and becomes implanted in the endometrium

Question 18

Gestational Diabetes

Answer 18

a condition characterized by an elevated level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy, typically resolving after the birth

Question 19

Glucose

Answer 19

a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates

Question 20

Group B Strep

Answer 20

an infection caused by a common bacterium (group B streptococcus); usually harmless in adults but potentially dangerous in newborns, producing symptoms such as fever, trouble feeding, and lethargy

Question 21

HCG Hormone

Answer 21

a hormone found in women’s blood and urine throughout pregnancy, and detectable in the blood shortly after implantation of the embryo in the uterus (roughly three weeks into a four-week menstrual cycle); increasing levels of HCG tell the body that it is pregnant, putting the womb to work creating a safe home for the baby to grow in

Question 22

Infertility

Answer 22

not being able to get pregnant (conceive) after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex

Question 23

In Vitro Fertilization

Answer 23

a medical procedure whereby an egg is fertilized by sperm in a test tube or elsewhere outside the body

Question 24

Lanugo

Answer 24

fine, soft hair, especially that which covers the body and limbs of a human fetus or newborn

Question 25

Maternal-Fetal Care Doctor

Answer 25

doctor of obstetrics who has three additional years of training in helping women through high-risk pregnancies

Question 26

Menstruation

Answer 26

the process in a woman of discharging blood and other materials from the lining of the uterus at intervals of about a month

Question 27

Miscarriage

Answer 27

the spontaneous loss of a woman’s pregnancy before the 20th week that can be both physically and emotionally painful

Question 28

Morning Sickness

Answer 28

nausea and vomiting during pregnancy; potentially occurring at any time of day and common during the first trimester

Question 29

Neural Tube

Answer 29

a hollow structure from which the brain and spinal cord form; defects in its development can result in congenital abnormalities such as spina bifida

Question 30

Ovulation

Answer 30

the process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary

Question 31

Ovum

Answer 31

a single cell released from the female reproductive organ (ovaries), which is capable of developing into a new organism when fertilized with a sperm cell

Question 32

Placenta Previa

Answer 32

a condition in which the placenta partially or wholly blocks the neck of the uterus, thus interfering with the normal delivery of a baby

Question 33

Preeclampsia

Answer 33

a condition in pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, sometimes with fluid retention and proteinuria

Question 34

Prenatal Development

Answer 34

the process of growth and development within the womb from fertilization to delivery

Question 35

Prenatal Testing

Answer 35

testing that includes blood tests, urine tests, and ultrasounds; used to help check on the well-being of the mother and growing baby

Question 36

Preterm Labor

Answer 36

occurs when regular contractions result in the opening of the cervix after week 20 and before week 37 of pregnancy, potentially leading to premature birth; the earlier the occurrence of premature birth, the greater the health risks for the baby

Question 37

Placenta

Answer 37

the organ that develops/attaches in a woman’s uterus during pregnancy, provides oxygen and nutrients to the growing baby, and removes waste products from baby’s blood

Question 38

Screening Prenatal Test

Answer 38

testing that can identify whether a baby is more or less likely to have certain birth defects, many of which are genetic disorders

Question 39

Stillborn

Answer 39

is when a fetus dies after the mother’s 20th week of pregnancy; when the baby may have died in the uterus weeks or hours before labor

Question 40

Trimester

Answer 40

one of the three divisions of three months each during pregnancy, in which different phases of fetal development take place

Question 41

Ultrasound

Answer 41

a procedure that uses high-energy sound waves for viewing inside the body, by making echoes that form pictures of the tissues and organs on a computer screen (sonogram)

Question 42

Umbilical Cord

Answer 42

a ropelike structure that connects a developing embryo or fetus to the placenta

Question 43

Uterus

Answer 43

a hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman’s pelvis, where a fetus develops and grows

Question 44

Vernix Caseosa

Answer 44

a white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of a baby during the last trimester of pregnancy

Question 45

Zygote

Answer 45

a fertilized egg, created when sperm meets an egg in one of the fallopian tubes