Obgyne Flashcards
OCP decreases the incidence of what CA
Colorectal
Endometrial
Ovarian
biochemical diagnosis of premature menopause
low estrogen
elevated FSH and LH
low number of follicles on ultrasound
before the age of 40
First thing to do when a pregnant woman in her first trimester is exposed to rubella
serum IgM and IgG
When is maternal rubella most harmful to the fetus?
first 8-10 weeks
fetal damage is rare after 16 weeks
Proven rubella infection in the first trimester: treatment
counsel therapeutic abortion
Diagnosis of premature ovarian failure
serum fsh (high) and estradiol (low)
Criteria for diagnosis of PCOS
2 out of 3 of the ff:
1) Hyperandrogenism
2) Menstrual abnormalities
3) polycystic ovaries (enlarged or with 12 or more follices)
High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion on pap smear: Next step
colposcopy and targeted biopsy
Hyperprolactinemic anovulation: treatment
bromocriptine - dopamine agonists
confirm pituitary tumor diagnosis with MRI first
painless cervical dilatation resulting in delivery of a fetus during the 2nd trimester
cervical insufficiency
risk factors for cervical insufficiency
congenital disorders of collagen synthesis
prior cone biopsies
prior deep cervical lacerations usually secondary to vaginal or cesarean delivery
mullerian duct defects
more than 3 prior fetal losses during the second trimester
most common symptom of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea
symptoms suspicious of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea dysuria infertility deep dyspareunia painful abdominal bloating
Absolute contraindications to using progesterone-only pills
- suspected pregnancy
- breast cancer
- undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
- past history of ectopic pregnancy or high risk for ectopic pregnancy
(Mnemonic: BABE - buntis, aub, breast ca, ectopic)
relative contraindications to using progesterone-only pills
- active viral hepatitis
- severe chronic liver disease
- malabsorption syndromes
- severe arterial disease
Features of hyperemesis gravidarum
nausea and vomiting weight loss (>5%) mod to severe dehydration ketosis electrolyte abnormalities
treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum
NPO - gradual resumption IV rescuscitation (2L of Ringer's lactate infused over 3 hours to maintain a urine output of more than 100ml/h) Antiemetics - metoclopramide Vitamin b6 orally replace electrolytes as required
Indication for cerclage
cervical shortening detected by utz before 22 to 24 weeks of gestation.
Treatment for cervical insufficiency
cerclage
vaginal progesterone
PRENATAL:
when to do first ultrasound
18-20 weeks aog
PRENATAL:
when to do morphology scan
18 weeks aog
PRENATAL:
when to do Rubella anti-D immunoglobulin
28 and 34 weeks
PRENATAL:
when to do Group b streptococcus swab
36 weeks
Fundic height landmarks
12 weeks - symphysis pubis
20 weeks - umbilicus
36 weeks - xiphisternum
