Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vanessa Biochem Post Midterm > Obesity/ some of Starvation > Flashcards

Obesity/ some of Starvation Flashcards

1
Q

how do you calculate BMI

A

weight(kg)/ height (m2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

value of BMI that is considered obese

A

> /= 30kg/m2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

value of BMI that is considered overweight

A

25-29.9kg/m2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

metabolic effects of obesity

A

dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

those who are obese have an increased risk of…

A

atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

two kinds of body fat

A

visceral (worse) and subcutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

visceral and abdominal fat are released into _______, then taken up by ______ and contribute to _______ in the blood

A

portal vein, liver, higher VLDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

subcutaneous fat enters _______ and is used by ______ before reaching the liver

A

general circulation, muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

more weight below the waist indicates a higher amount of what fat

A

subcutaneous (pear shaped figure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

more weight above the waist indicates a higher amount of what fat

A

visceral (apple shaped figure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

conditions associated with more weight above the waist

A

syndrome X or metabolic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

percentage of TAGs in chylomicrons

A

85%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens to body’s TAG content as BMI increases from 20 to 30

A

it doubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens to adipocytes with modest weight gain

A

hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens to adipocytes with excessive weight gain

A

hypertrophy and hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

molecules and hormones that adipocytes produce

A

free fatty acid, adiponectin (insulin resistance), cytokines (inflammation), and leptin (appetite control/weight gain)

17
Q

factors that regulate body weight

A

genetic and environment

18
Q

mutation in what gene can produce hyperphagia and massive obesity

A

leptin gene and its receptors

hyperphagia is excessive hunger/increased appetite

19
Q

what secretes ghrelin and cholecystokinin(CCK)

A

ghrelin released by stomach and CCK by small intestine

20
Q

tissues affected by obesity

A

liver, muscle, adipose

21
Q

clustering of atherosclerotic and cardiovascular disease

A

metabolic syndrome

22
Q

risk factors of metabolic syndrome

A

visceral adiposity (obesity), insulin resistance, low levels of HDLs, systemic proinflammatory state

23
Q

indicators of metabolic syndrome

A

elevated fasting blood glucose, elevated waist circumference, elevated TAGs, reduced HDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure

24
Q

strong correlation between weight gain and …

A

insulin resistance

25
Q

insulin resistance results in..

A

increased synthesis of VLDL, increased TAGs in circulation, increased risk of atherosclerosis

26
Q

why are people with metabolic syndrome not considered diabetes despite their insulin resistance

A

they produce enough insulin to keep some of the effects of insulin on target tissues working

27
Q

pharmacologic appetite suppressant that increases fullness

A

sibutramine (no longer on the market)

28
Q

pharmacologic gastric and lipase inhibitor that inhibits the digestion of TAGs

A

orlistat

29
Q

BMI of a person considered morbidly obese

A

> 35

30
Q

why is ketone body activation considered very efficient

A

it does not need an ATP to be activated

you go from beta hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate and form NADH = 3ATP

31
Q

B2/riboflavin deficiency

A

cheilosis

32
Q

microcytic anemia can develop from deficiencies in what

A

vit B6, iron, copper

33
Q

macrocytic anemia can develop from deficiencies in what

A

vit B12 and folic acid

34
Q

protein calorie malnutrition, energy deficiency is predominant

A

marasmus

35
Q

cancer, aids, chronic pulmonary and renal disease can lead to

A

cachexia (loss of appetite and muscle atrophy)

Vanessa Biochem Post Midterm (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions