Obesity pharmacology

Question 1

Portion of hypothalamus that regulates feeding behavior

Answer 1

arcuate nucleus

Question 2

Hormone that is released during fasting from the intestinal lining and release is inhibited when intestinal cells are stretched (food is present)

Answer 2

Ghrelin

Question 3

POMC is cleaved and post-transcriptionally modified to generate what 2 hormones

Answer 3

ACTH and alpha-MSH

Question 4

Hormone involved in appetite that is a MC4R agonist

Answer 4

alpha-MSH

Question 5

Hormone involved in increasing appetite that is a MC4R antagonist

Answer 5

AGRP

Question 6

BMI that indicates obese class III (morbid)

Answer 6

> 40

Question 7

Excessive amount of adipose tissue compared to lean tissue

Answer 7

Obesity

Question 8

Excessive body weight from all tissues

Answer 8

Overweight

Question 9

Neurons whose signaling decreases feeding

Answer 9

POMC neurons

Question 10

Neurons whose signaling increases feeling

Answer 10

AGRP/NYP neurons

Question 12

neurons that send signals to the lateral hypothalamus to alter taste sensation and control autonomic responses to digestive secretions

Answer 12

Paraventricular neurons

Question 13

MOA of orlistat

Answer 13

Inhibits lipase enzymes in the small intestine

Question 15

Approved duration of treatment for phentermine

Answer 15

3 months

Question 16

MOA of phentermine

Answer 16

agonist as TAAR in the hypothalamus

Question 17

MOA of lorcaserin

Answer 17

Selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist

Question 18

MOA of bupropion

Answer 18

Inhibits DA and NE uptake

Question 20

MOA of naltrexone

Answer 20

mu-opioid receptor antagonist

Question 21

Cells that produce and secrete leptin

Answer 21

adipocytes

Question 22

Pathway in POMC neurons that is required for anti-obesity effect of leptin

Answer 22

JAK/STAT pathway

Question 23

Molecule that inhibits JAK/STAT pathway as a neg feedback mechanism when there are high circulating levels of leptin

Answer 23

SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3)

Question 24

MOA of metreleptin

Answer 24

agonist at leptin receptor (LEPRb)

Question 25

MOA of pramlintide

Answer 25

agonist at amylin receptor

Question 26

Peptide hormone co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta-cells that slows gastric emptying, inhibits glucagon release and promotes satiety

Answer 26

Amylin

Question 27

5-HT2 agonists that were withdrawn from the market due to pulmonary HTN and cardiac valve defects (due to 5-HT2B activity)

Answer 27

Fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine

Question 28

Non-selective 5-HT/NE reuptake inhibitor that was withdrawn from the market due to increased risk of MI and stroke in pts with high risk of CV disease

Answer 28

Sibutramine

Question 29

Cannabinoid receptor inverse agonist that was withdrawn from the market due to increased risk of suicide

Answer 29

Rimonabant

Question 30

Main source of fuel of AGRP/NPY neurons

Answer 30

FAs

Question 32

Main source of fuel for POMC neurons

Answer 32

glucose

Question 34

BMI that indicates overweight

Answer 34

25-30

Question 38

BMI that indicates normal weight

Answer 38

18.5-25

Question 40

BMI that indicates obese class II (severe)

Answer 40

35-40

Question 46

BMI that indicates Obese class I (moderate)

Answer 46

30-35

Question 61

BMI that indicates underweight