Obesity and Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What is orlistat?

A

A lipase inhibitor used for weight loss

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2
Q

What is the process by which orlistat functions?

A

Prevents breakdown of dietary fat

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3
Q

What is the main side effect of orlistat?

A

Steatorrhoea

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4
Q

At which BMI(s) can orlistat be indicated for use?

A
  1. >30
  2. >28 (with comorbidities)
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5
Q

In which instances is orlistat contraindicated?

A
  1. Malabsorption
  2. Breastfeeding
  3. Pregnancy
  4. Reduced gallbladder function
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6
Q

Absorption of what is inhibited when taken orlistat?

A
  1. Fats
  2. Fat soluable vitamins (A, D, E, K and beta carotene)
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7
Q

What are the main drug interactions associated with orlistat?

A
  1. Ciclosporin
  2. Amiodarone
  3. HIV antiretroviral medications
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8
Q

Which medication does not interact with orlistat, yet must have its dose lowered when taken in conjunction with orlistat?

A

Warfarin

Vitamin K (a fat soluable vitamin) is not absorbed as well which depletes blood clotting capacity enhancing the effect of warfarin

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9
Q

Orlistat is incredible useful at preventing the onset of which condition?

A

Type 2 diabetes

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10
Q

Orlistat is safe for use for how many years?

A

4

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11
Q

What defines a very low caorie diet (VLCD)?

A

<800Kcal but >450Kcal

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12
Q

What are some key side effects to following a VLCD?

A
  1. Gout
  2. Gallstones
  3. Cramps
  4. Dizziness
  5. Constipation or diarrhoea
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13
Q

At which BMI(s) is bariatric surgery indicated?

A
  1. >40
  2. >35 (with comorbidities)
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14
Q

What are the two types of bariatric surgery?

A
  1. Restrictive (changes stomach capacity)
  2. Malabsorptive (bypasses portions of the small intestine)

Bariatric surgery commonly involves aspects of both

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15
Q

For which anatomical reason may a gastric band decrease apetitite?

A

Compresses vagus nerve

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16
Q

How is BMI calculated?

A

BMI = Weight (Kg) / Height(m)2

17
Q

In childhood, sedentary time should be limited to less than what per day?

A

<2hrs