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Obesity Flashcards

0
Q

What is the term which describes energy intake and energy output being approximately equal

A

Energy balance

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1
Q

Definition: Obesity

A

Being 20% or move above ideal weight for height and build

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2
Q

Give 6 different problems associated with being very obese

A 
Respiratory problems
Type 2 diabetes
CHD/high blood pressure
Gallstones
Varicose veins
Mobility issues
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3
Q

Hat percentage of bread, rice, potatoes and past should we get

A

50%

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4
Q

Fruit and vegetables are low in…

A

Fat and calories

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5
Q

Meat, fish and other alternatives are a good source of…

A

Protein, iron and other minerals

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6
Q

Give 3 practical ways to reduce the amount of fat which we consume from meat,fish and alternatives

A

Take the skin off
Trim any visible fat off
Choose canned fish in brine or spring water

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7
Q

Milk and Dairy foods are a rich source of…

A

Calcium

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8
Q

Always choose what varieties

A

Low fat

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9
Q

How many portions of calcium to wee require everyday

A

3

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10
Q

What is a fatty substance in blood?

A

Cholesterol

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11
Q

What does cholesterol develop into

A

Coronary heart disease

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12
Q

A high intake of what increases cholesterol in blood

A

Saturated fat

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13
Q

Give example of a monounsaturated fat

A

Olive oil

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14
Q

Give three lifestyle risk factors for coronary heart disease

A

Lack of exercise
Smoking
Drinking excess Alcohol

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15
Q

Give three examples of Dietary risk factors for coronary heart disease

A

Excess intake of fat
Excess intake of salt
Lack of NSP

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16
Q

Risk factors which can be changed or altered are said to be

A

Modifiable

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17
Q

Risk factors which cannot be changed or altered are said to be

A

Non modifiable

18
Q

Give three ways to make our diet more Mediterranean

A

Eat more fruit and veg
Eat foods made from vegetables or plants e.g olive oil
Eat more fish

19
Q

What is the name of fat that oily fish contains

A

Omega 3

20
Q

What vitamins do fruit and vegetables contain

A

A, C , E (multivitamins)

21
Q

Whole grain foods are rich in what?

A

Non Starch Polysaccharide, which reduces cholesterol

22
Q

Give five examples of non-diary calcium

A 
Dried fruit
Nuts
White bread
Canned salmon
Pulses
23
Q

Coeliac disease occurs when the body reacts to what source found in cereal such as wheat ?

A

Gluten

24
Q

What foods could Mark eat at a restaurant instead of pasta or bread?

A

Rice and potatoes

25
Q

Suggest 3 practical ways in which to reduce TOTAL fat in the diet

A

Use low fat cooking methods such as grilling/steaming/stir frying
Removing any visible fat from meat and taking the skin of chicken
Eating canned fish in brine or tomato based sauces rather than oil

26
Q

Why is it important to consume during childhood and adolescence

A

During this period of time, we build up bone strength, a process that stops mid-twenties

27
Q

Peak bone mass refers to the stage at which bone is at it’s

A

Strongest

28
Q

It is usually reached at the age of about 25 years. After this…

A

Body mass gradually decreases

29
Q

Increasing peak bone mass can be achieved by ensuring adequate intakes of what?

A

Vitamin D and calcium, and regular weight bearing activities

30
Q

Give 4 examples of weight bearing activities

A

Running, tennis, aerobics, football

31
Q

List 3 good dietary sources for vitamin d (doesn’t have to be healthy)

A

Oily fish, fat spreads, dairy products

32
Q

Where is Vitamin D made when exposed to the sunlight

A

The skin

33
Q

What is osteoporosis

A

Osteoporosis is a condition where gaps form in the structure of the bone because of this bones become more weak and brittle.

34
Q

What increases your chances of osteoporosis

A

Intake of alcohol and smoking, lack of vitamin d and calcium

35
Q

Who suffer mainly from osteoporosis

A

Elderly women who have went through menopause

36
Q

When does diabetes occur

A

When the blood glucose levels rise

37
Q

Blood glucose levels are normally controlled by what thing that is produced by the pancreas

A

Insulin

38
Q

In type 1 diabetes the body is unable to produce insulin. The reason for this is

A

Unknown

39
Q

In type 2 diabetes some insulin is made but not enough. Being overweight and, in particular carrying excess weight around where?

A

The waist

40
Q

Type 1 diabetes generally occurs when

A

Under 40s

41
Q

Type 2 diabetes generally occurs when?

A

Over 40s

42
Q

To manage both types you must what?

A

Exercise & have a balanced diet, and generally type 1’s inject insulin

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