obesity Flashcards
obesity ve overweight arası fark
overweight: carrying more weight than a healthy amount and this amount increases disease risk.
Obesity: unhealthy body weight which is consistent with variety of disease (CVD, metabolic syndrome type 2 diabetes)
obesity is ___________ .
preventable
taller / shorter
man / woman
younger/older
ilk sıradakiler daha ağır olanlar
Body mass index (BMI)
screening tool that takes into account to a person’s height
BMI = weight/height^2 kg/m^2
does not measure body composition directly (does not give any information the amount of lean mass of a person or fat mass) -> key limitation especially at the individual level
Therefore it is not a clinical diagnostic tool.
Caloric balance
weight loss -> energy deficit
two ways for weight loss (short/long)
dieting -> short term
increased PA, maintenance of energy expenditure not just for losing weight with considering other beneficial effects to health.
body composition
distiribution of fat, lean mass(muscle and bone ) and minerals
important outconme of regula pa and exercise
maintain or increase lean mass while controlling body fat levels (with diatar interventions lean mass is not conserved)
what older adults should consider
with aging basal metabolism drops (BMME)
Weight management becomes hard with age
consequences of obesity
CHD coronary
type 2 diabetes
cancers of endometrium, breas and colon
hypertension
high total cholesterol triglycerides
Stroke
liver disease
sleep apnea
gynecological probelms
risk factors for obesity are related to __________
behavior
environment
genetic factors their intereactions
modifiable risk factors
physical inactivity
excess caloric intake
low socioeconomic status (SES)
non modifiable risk factors
age
heredity
race
culture
metabolism
four points to hwlp people to achive caloric balance
-the concept of total energy intake;
-intervening with physical activity and exercise alone, diet only, or a combination of diet and physical activity and exercise;
-how nonactive leisure time activities compete with active pursuits;
-the benefits of engaging in regular physical activity and exercise other than just preventing obesity and overweight.
merhods for measuring obesity owerweight ort body composition
visual inspection
BMI
magnetic response (MRI)
computed tomography(CT)
hydrostatick weighing
skinfold measurement
circumferences
bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)
