Obesity Flashcards
What is a healthy BMI
18.5-24.9
What BMI is overweight
25-29.9
What BMI is obesity I
30-34.9
What BMI is obesity II
35-39.9
What BMI is obesity III
> 40
When is waist circumference used in obesity
When BMI is <35
Endocrine causes of obesity
Cushing syndrome
Hypothyroid
Pseud0-thyroid
Hypothalamic disorders
Syndromes causing obesity
Prader willi
Laurence Mood
Bardet Bledel
Cohens
Alstrons
Medications with a side effect of obesity
Steroids
TCAs
Phenoziathenes - antipsychs eg chlorporemazine
Sodium valproate
Sulphonyl ureas, insulin
Conditions ass with obesity
Osteoarthritis
HPTN
T2DM
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Reflux - oesophagitis
Depression/mental health problems
Asthma
Heart failure
Ways of measuring obesity
if <35 BMI, waist circumference
BMI
Edmonton obesity staging system - EOSS
4M
What are the stages of NHS tier management of obesity
1 - universal
2 - lifestyle management
3 - specialist weight management (medical)
4 - bariatric surgery
What is obesity
abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health
BMI =
weight kg/ height m
What populations is BMI not accurate in
Highly musular groups
Old people - needs to be higher to be significant
Asian people - lower threshold
Waist circumference levels obesity in men vs women
For men <94 cm is low, 94–102 cm = high
102 cm is very high.
For women, <80 cm is low
80–88 cm is high
88 cm is very high
What are meal replaceements
Replae 1-2 meals a dya to create a calorie deficit, shakes, bar soups and smothers - 200-230 kcal, 15g protein and vits and minerals
What is a VLCD
Very low calorie diet
Any diet <8000 kcal/day
Can be liquid or fixed meal plans
Not advised by NICE for lomger than 8 weeks
Only used under health professinoal
When do low calorie diets have poor otucomes?
After 3-6 months often put weight back on again due to low fat content
Options for diets weight loss
Calories - tend to be lower in fats
Low carb diet - high protein and fat
Diabetes UK plan - 130g carb per day stick to long ter
Mediations for weight loss
Orlistat - xenical
inhibits pancreas so stop breaking down fat in food so get greasxy diarrhoea (steatorrhea) - aversion therapy
Saxenda
GLP-1 analogues - reduce appetite, slow hunger down and slow gastric emptying
SGLT2 inhibtiors
What types of bariatric surgery are restricitve
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band
Vertical sleeve
gastrectomy
- restrict the size of the stomach and therefore how much food can eat
Malabsorptive bariatric surgery
Roux-Y-gastric bypass
Single anastomosis mini bypass
Biliary pancreatic diversion-duodenal swith (very rare in UK as more complications)
What bariatric surgery is common in the UK
Laparascopic adjustable gastric band
vertical sleeve gastrectomy
RYG gastric bypass
