Obesity

Question 1

What is a healthy BMI

Answer 1

18.5-24.9

Question 2

What BMI is overweight

Answer 2

25-29.9

Question 3

What BMI is obesity I

Answer 3

30-34.9

Question 4

What BMI is obesity II

Answer 4

35-39.9

Question 5

What BMI is obesity III

Answer 5

> 40

Question 6

When is waist circumference used in obesity

Answer 6

When BMI is <35

Question 7

Endocrine causes of obesity

Answer 7

Cushing syndrome
Hypothyroid
Pseud0-thyroid
Hypothalamic disorders

Question 8

Syndromes causing obesity

Answer 8

Prader willi
Laurence Mood
Bardet Bledel
Cohens
Alstrons

Question 9

Medications with a side effect of obesity

Answer 9

Steroids
TCAs
Phenoziathenes - antipsychs eg chlorporemazine
Sodium valproate
Sulphonyl ureas, insulin

Question 10

Conditions ass with obesity

Answer 10

Osteoarthritis
HPTN
T2DM
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Reflux - oesophagitis
Depression/mental health problems
Asthma
Heart failure

Question 11

Ways of measuring obesity

Answer 11

if <35 BMI, waist circumference
BMI
Edmonton obesity staging system - EOSS
4M

Question 12

What are the stages of NHS tier management of obesity

Answer 12

1 - universal
2 - lifestyle management
3 - specialist weight management (medical)
4 - bariatric surgery

Question 13

What is obesity

Answer 13

abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health

Question 14

BMI =

Answer 14

weight kg/ height m

Question 15

What populations is BMI not accurate in

Answer 15

Highly musular groups
Old people - needs to be higher to be significant
Asian people - lower threshold

Question 16

Waist circumference levels obesity in men vs women

Answer 16

For men <94 cm is low, 94–102 cm = high
102 cm is very high.
For women, <80 cm is low
80–88 cm is high
88 cm is very high

Question 17

What are meal replaceements

Answer 17

Replae 1-2 meals a dya to create a calorie deficit, shakes, bar soups and smothers - 200-230 kcal, 15g protein and vits and minerals

Question 18

What is a VLCD

Answer 18

Very low calorie diet
Any diet <8000 kcal/day
Can be liquid or fixed meal plans
Not advised by NICE for lomger than 8 weeks
Only used under health professinoal

Question 19

When do low calorie diets have poor otucomes?

Answer 19

After 3-6 months often put weight back on again due to low fat content

Question 20

Options for diets weight loss

Answer 20

Calories - tend to be lower in fats
Low carb diet - high protein and fat
Diabetes UK plan - 130g carb per day stick to long ter

Question 21

Mediations for weight loss

Answer 21

Orlistat - xenical
inhibits pancreas so stop breaking down fat in food so get greasxy diarrhoea (steatorrhea) - aversion therapy
Saxenda
GLP-1 analogues - reduce appetite, slow hunger down and slow gastric emptying
SGLT2 inhibtiors

Question 22

What types of bariatric surgery are restricitve

Answer 22

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band
Vertical sleeve
gastrectomy
- restrict the size of the stomach and therefore how much food can eat

Question 23

Malabsorptive bariatric surgery

Answer 23

Roux-Y-gastric bypass
Single anastomosis mini bypass
Biliary pancreatic diversion-duodenal swith (very rare in UK as more complications)

Question 24

What bariatric surgery is common in the UK

Answer 24

Laparascopic adjustable gastric band
vertical sleeve gastrectomy
RYG gastric bypass