OA: Eyes & Ears Flashcards
Signs of sensorineural hearing loss
- loss of high-frequency tones
- speech discrimination difficult
signs of conductive hearing loss
-loss of hearing at all sound frequencies
signs of prebycsis
- gradual
- unsociable
- paranoid
- normal aging hearing loss
Early signs of AMB
- shadowy areas in central vision
- unusual fuzzy or distorted vision
- wavy, blurred lines with dark center on Amsler grid
Amsler Grid
diagnostic tool for AMB
Wet AMB on Amsler Grid
report same symptoms as dry AMD with addition of visual distortions
- lines crooked, bent, or irregular
- difference in apperance of the size of objects between eyes
vision & retinal exams
- pupillary dilation
- fluorescein angiogram
- OCT
pupillary dilation
unsettling for patient
fluorescein angiogram
if wet AMD treatment is planned
fluorescent dye is injected into the bloodstream. The dye highlights the blood vessels in the back of the eye so they can be photographed. This test is often used to manage eye disorders.
OCT
optical coherence tomography
- noninvasive
- relatively new
- involves taking cross-sectional images of retina to measure thickness
What do you do before speaking to a patient with hearing loss?
wave hand, tap shoulder
Ensure patient is using _________
corrective lenses and that they are clean
When speaking to a patient with hearing loss….
face the patient and keep hands away from face
When speaking to a patient with hearing loss, what tone should you use?
normal tone, slowly
do not over articulate
Keep your face in ______ when speaking to a hearing loss patient
full light
Reduce _____ in their environment before speaking to a hearing loss patient
noise
What type of sentences should you use when speaking to a patient with hearing loss?
short sentences and pause at the end of each sentence
Use ________ when speaking with a hearing loss patient
facial expressions and gestures
Provide _______ for written communication
magic slate
Where do you place an IV cath on a hearing loss patient?
non-dominant hand
If patient with hearing loss is having difficulty understanding you, you should….
rephrase the sentence
You should always….
repeat important information
Inform other staff of…
patient’s hearing deficit
Open-angle glaucoma
- anterior chamber angle of the eye is normal (open)
- flow is obstructed, unknown cause
What percentage of all glaucoma patients are open-angle?
90%
Chronic, gradually progressive, bilateral (may not be symmetric) type of glaucoma
open-angle glaucoma
Closed-angle glaucoma
- less common, 1-4 per 1,000 americans
- IOP rises abruptly
- episodes typically unilateral
- pupil dilation blocks aqueous outflow
- narrowing of anterior chamber
What type of medications do you want to avoid with closed-angle glaucoma?
medications that cause mydriasis
mydriasis
dilation of the pupil
Clinical manifestations of open-angle glaucoma
- none at first
- gradual loss of peripheral vision
- frequent lens change
- halos around lights
- mild to severe increased IOP
Clinical manifestations of close-angle glaucoma
- severe eye/facial pain
- headache
- general malaise
- nausea
- vomiting
- rapid increase in IOP
- red conjunctiva
- cloudy cornea
- fixed pupil
Patient teaching for glaucoma
- provide instructions related to unilateral loss of vision and depth perception
- adaptations at home
- verbalize feelings
- discuss patient’s perception of eye condition
- adapt coping strategies to present situation
- orient patient environment
Disorders of the inner ear
- tumors
- vascular disorders
- degenerative disease
- vertigo
- Meniere disease
Meniere disease
An inner ear disorder that causes episodes of vertigo (spinning).
loud explosion/noises
hair cell damage of the Corti
oxotoxic drugs
hair cell damage of the Corti
disorders of the inner ear, auditory nerve, and auditory pathway may lead to…
sensorineural hearing loss
Cataract surgery pre-op and post-op
teach patient about:
- limitations
- do not disturb eye dressing
- rx meds and side effects
- followup appts
- complications
- eye drops, eye patch
- care of contact lenses
- visual changes with glasses
