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Year 5 - Obstetrics and Gynaecology > O&G > Flashcards

O&G Flashcards

1
Q

Blood-stained watery discharge from nipples with no malignancy risk = ?

A

Intraductal papilloma

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2
Q

1st line treatment for…

  1. Stress Incontinence
  2. Urge Incontinence
A
  1. Pelvic floor training / exercises

2. Bladder retraining

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3
Q

Where in the fallopian tube does fertilization most often occur?

A

AMPULLA of fallopian tube

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4
Q

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

  1. Fasting plasma venous glucose of greater than?
  2. 2-hour plasma venous glucose of greater than?
A
  1. > or equal to 5.1

2. > or equal to 8.5

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5
Q

Strawberry cervix / punctate haemorrhages

A

Trichomonas Vaginalis

Foul smelling green discharge often present. Treat with Metronidazole

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6
Q

Carbimazole or Carbamazepine is contraindicated whilst breast-feeding?

A

Carbimazole

You’d be an azole (asshole) to take carbimazole whilst brestfeeding

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7
Q

Definitive Down’s diagnostic test between 11 - 14 weeks (not Harmony)

A

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Note: Rhesus D-ve women must be given Anti D

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8
Q

Definitive Down’s diagnostic test from 15 weeks

A

Amniocentesis

Note: Rhesus D-ve women must be given Anti D

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9
Q

Combined test

  1. When is it offered?
  2. What does it consist of?
  3. What does it test for?
A
  1. Available from 11 - 14 weeks
  2. Ultrasound: nuchal translucency.
    Bloods: PAPP-A + B-hCG
  3. Tests for Downs, Edwards and Pataus
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10
Q

Serum triple test

  1. When is it offered?
  2. What does it consist of?
  3. What does it test for?
A
  1. Available from 14 - 20 weeks
  2. Bloods - AFP, B-hCG + oestriol
  3. Downs + spina bifida
    (high B-hCG + low oestriol / AFP = Downs risk)
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11
Q

Quadruple test

  1. When is it offered?
  2. What does it consist of?
  3. What does it test for?
A
  1. Available from 15-22 weeks
  2. Triple test (AFP, hCG, oestriol) + Inhibin A
  3. Chromosomal abnormalities + spina bifida
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12
Q

A surge in which hormone stimulates ovulation?

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Peaks 18 hours prior to ovulation

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13
Q

Pelvic pain in late third trimester. Pain is worse when walking and can radiate to the perineum or upper thighs

A

Symphysis pubis dysfunction

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14
Q

Antibiotic if used in pregnancy is associated with necrotizing colitis

A

Co-amoxiclav (augmentin)

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15
Q

Serum test of which hormone will aid a clinical diagnosis of menopause?

A

FSH

(low)

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16
Q

When is Anti-D offered during preganancy and to which women?

A

Rhesus -ve women AFTER 12 weeks

500iu at 28 and 34 weeks

(Also given whenever there may have been maternal/fetal blood mixing, i.e. trauma, amniocentesis etc)

17
Q

Antibiotic used as prophylaxis when PROM occurs

A

Erythromycin

18
Q

Which measurement is the most reliable indicator of gestational age before
14 weeks?

A

Crown-Rump length

19
Q

Which measurement is the most reliable indicator of gestational age after
14 weeks?

A

Biparietal diameter (fetus becomes flexed at this point so crown-rump is no longer accurate)

20
Q

Treatment of magnesium sulphate overdose

A

IV Calcium gluconate

21
Q

Which hormone promotes proliferation of glandular and stromal elements
of the endometrium?

A

Oestradiol

22
Q

Vaginal discharge - flagellated protozoan

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

Treat with metronidazole

23
Q

How to treat pre-eclampsia in a woman with asthma (i.e. labetalol contraindication)

A

Nifedipine

24
Q

Gold standard test for tubal patency (in a woman being investigated for infertility)

A

Laparoscopy and dye

25
Q

What type of twins develop Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome?

A

Monozygotic monochorionic diamniotic

Occurs in up to 35% of monochorionic pregnancies

15% perinatal mortality

26
Q

Most common cause of PPH

A

Atonic uterus

Management includes - Bladder emptying, uterine massage followed medically by

Bolus of IV ergometrine
+ oxytocin infusion

27
Q

When is a B-lynch brace suture used?

A

Surgical management of atonic uterus following PPH

28
Q

How long should folic acid be taken for post conception?

A

12 weeks

29
Q

When is the ultrasound anomaly scan carried out?

A

20 weeks

30
Q

How many weeks is ECV offered at?

A

36 for primeps

36 for multips

31
Q

At what Hb level should iron supplementation be offered

A

11g/dl

32
Q

Term for the beginning of breast development

A

Thelarche

33
Q

Most common congenital cause of amenorrhea

A

Turner’s syndrome

34
Q

What defines the growth of pubic hair?

A

Adrenarche

35
Q

Given to reduce the size of fibroids before myomectomy

A

GnRH agonists

36
Q

Precocious puberty is treated medically with…

A

GnRH agonists

37
Q

Quantitive definition of menorrhagia

A

Blood loss exceeding 80mL

38
Q

Where squamous epithelium has formed by metaplasia over endocervical cells

A

Nabothian follicles

39
Q

Rokitansky protuberance

A

Ovarian teratoma / dermoid cyst

Year 5 - Obstetrics and Gynaecology (87 decks)

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