NZ IFR Flashcards
With regard to RNP, what is the definition of cross-track error and how does it relate to the navigation accuracy for the procedure?
Cross track error = the RNAV computed flight path and the aircraft position relative to the flight path.
Cross-track error should be limited to half the navigation accuracy of the procedure e.g. RNP1 max deviation 0.5NM
Can a departure with a visual segment be conducted at night?
No, unless the visual segment is to be flown at night and is annotated on the respective chart
What are the requirements for a pilot using a secondary or grass runway for take off for an IFR flight?
The runway has a promulgated IFR take off minimum.
Day only
Pilot maintains own terrain clearance until established on the departure procedure
can maintain an adequate climb gradient to ensure obstacle clearance
When departing in an evaluated climb sector, unless otherwise specified, an aircraft on a departure must reach a height of _________ or higher above aerodrome level before commencing a turn.
400ft
When departing in an evaluated climb sector, if an aircraft is required to cross through two or more sectors to intercept the departure, what climb gradients applies and when do they apply?
The higher climb gradient applies from take off
You are departing in an evaluated climb sector and the aircraft is required to depart on a radial dividing two sectors one of which is standard 3.3%. The aircraft is required to climb at the higher climb gradient or the lower climb gradient?
The lower sector graident
Calculate the ft per minute requirer to maintain a 4% gradient at 180kts
(GSx1.013 )x gradient= vs
(180x1.013) x 4= 728
Vat cat B
91-120
Vat Cat C
121-140
Initial approach speed Cat B
120-180
Initial approach speed Cat C
160-240
Final approach speeds Cat B
85-130
Final approach speed Cat C
115-160
Max circling speed Cat B
135
Max circling Cat C
180
Max speed missed approach Cat B
150
Max missed approach speed Cat C
240
How can an aircraft with an approach speed of 90-110kts adjust procedural timing?
2 min may be increased to 2.5
3 min may he increased to 4 min
Can outbound time or DME distances be shortened on an instrument approach?
Yes provided that the wind velocity at different altitudes has been confirmed by an immediately proceeding instrument approach and applicable descent rates can be maintained during final approach
Tracking outbound on an approach which is both time and DME limited, when is the inbound turn started?
At the limit that is reached first e.g. DME or time
What is the terrain clearance on a DME arc?
1000ft over terrain 2.5nm each side of the arc ENR 4.14.3e
When can a pilot descend below DA, DH, MDA?
When using normal descent rates and manoeuvring, within the circling area, with appropriate visibility for the approach, visual reference with
Approach lighting Threshold marking Threshold lights Runway end identifier lights VASI touchdown zone markings Runway markings or lights
What is the terrain clearance and required climb gradient on a missed approach?
98ft
2.5%
ENR 4.17.9
What are the circling areas radius for
CAT A
CAT B
CAT C
CAT A 1.68
CAT B 2.66
CAT C 4.2
When an aircraft is cleared for an instrument approach under radar, except where otherwise instructed the aircraft may descend to a minimum initial approach altitude of?
5
Altitude on the: STAR RNAV arrival Route MSA 25nm MSA TAA VORSEC chart
When an aircraft is not under radar control the minimum initial approach altitude will must be the higher of?
2
The minimum procedural commencement altitude shown on the instrument approach chart
MSA for the route sector (lower of MSA for the route
VORSEC chart steps
25nm MSA diagram
GNSS approved TAA altitude
When can a pilot make a visual approach?
The pilot specifically states request visual approach
Can maintain visual reference with terrain
The reported ceiling is above the approved initial approach level for the aircraft so cleared or;
The pilot reports at the initial approach level or any time during the instrument approach procedure that condition permit a visual approach and a landing is likely
Conditions required for ATC to broadcast conditions suitable for a visual approach?
16km vis
Ceiling is 1000ft above the minimum radar vectoring alt or the instrument MPCA
What is a visual arrival?
Pilots continue tracking, minimum alt and dist requirements of the procedure except ATC may amend altitude requirements.
To conduct a visual approach at night the pilot must?
Have in sight the RUNWAY LIGHTS all other lights insufficent
What is a VVS?
Visual segment surface
To protect the visual component of an instrument flight from the point where obstacle clearance height is reached until landing.
Starts at 60m from the landing threshold 1.12degree slope. Ends where the the surface reaches MDA or DA
In uncontrolled airspace, a pilot may carry out a visual approach provided:
Can maintain visual reference with terrain
Ceiling is not below the initial approach level
At night has runway lights in sight
How is remote QNH calculated?
And 5ft for every one nm in excess of 5 nm from the QNH source
Can an instrument approach that states “use local QNH only” be conducted using remote QNH
No
A precision approach procedure cannot be used as alternate if at the time of arrival the forecast indicates conditions below?
600ft ceiling or 200ft above the DA/DH whichever is higher
3000m vis or 1000m more the the prescribed minima whichever is higher
A non precision approach procedure cannot be used as alternate if at the time of arrival the forecast indicates conditions below?
800ft ceiling or 200ft above MDA whichever is higher
4000m vis or 1500m more then the prescribed minima whichever is higher
Where dose a SID start?
16’ above the departure end of the runway
What is the IFR take off minima?
Minima stated on the take minima in the operational data
Or
300’ ceiling, 1500 m vis
What are the meteorological requirements for reduced Take off minima
Ceiling 0
800m visibility
What are the requirements for a reduced minima take off?
Runway centreline marking or lights
Visibility confirmed by the pilot by observation of the centreline marking or lights.
Reduced take off is allowed under operational data
Obstacles are taken into account
Auto feather or coarse if propeller driven
Outboud holding times below and above 14000’?
1min at and below 14000’
1.5min above 14000’
