NZ a Melting Pot Flashcards
Abel Tasman
Abel Tasman came from a country called Netherlands or Holland. He was an explorer, sea captain and navigator. He never set foot on New Zealand soil, but he was the first recorded European to see New Zealand. The reason for his voyage was to see if there was a sea passage across the Southern Ocean to South America. He saw the South Island in 1652. He named the bay he anchored in Murder’s Bay because Maori in canoes rammed one of his ship’s boats, killing 4 of the seven people in it. The bay is now called Golden Bay. The Dutch first called New Zealand Staten Landt because they thought it was joined to South America. When they found out it was not, they called it Zeelandia Novea (the Latin version of Nieuw Zeeland).
The first groups to live in NZ
Seals, whalers, traders and missionaries
Why people migrated to NZ in the 19th century
- They escape the negative things from where they live
- They want more positive things from elsewhere
- They want to ‘better themselves’/change their lives
- To gain land they were struggling top get in Britain
- Overcrowding
Origin
Starting point
Push factors
These are negative factors which cause people to move from their origin e.g. violence, crime, pollution
Whalers
People that came to hunt whales
Colony
Settlement in a new country
Pull factors
These are positive factors that attract people to move to their destination e.g. education, employment opportunities
Sealers
People that came to hunt seals for their skins
Culture
The concepts, attitudes, values and objects that a group shares in common
Traders
People who came to get kauri timber for ship masts and flax for weaving
Emigration
Leaving one’s own country to settle in another
Counterflow
This is when people return from their destination back to their point of origin – homesick, disappointed with destination, couldn’t get a job, being a tourist
Immigration
Come into a country to settle
Colonisation
To establish a settlement in a new country
Neutral Factors
These are factors that are of no concern to people when they migrate e.g. retired people are not concerned about schools
Intervening Obstacles
These are factors that may prevent a person from migrating or may make it difficult for them to move e.g. language, leaving family and friends behind, obtaining a visa, cultural differences, cost of travel
Missionaries
People who came to convert the Māori people to Christianity
Population
Inhabitants in a place or country
Consequence
A result or effect of one’s choice/action or what has gone before
Interaction
To act on each other
Destination
A place to which a person or thing is going
Migration
To move from one place and settle in another
Icon
A symbol or representation that stands for an object
James Cook
James Cook visited New Zealand 3 times. He first visited New Zealand in 1769 in a ship called Endeavour.
Cook took “possession“ of the country in the name of the British King. He named the south-west point of Poverty Bay Young Nick’s Head after the servant boy who had first seen it. Cape Kidnappers was named because some Maori tried to drag a servant off the ship into their canoe. They were killed during the rescue. To prevent his crew from getting scurvy, Cook insisted that they eat fruit and vegetables. Cook drew excellent maps of New Zealand which were used for a long time.
Lifestyle of a group of early European explorer
Who - Early European settlers, in which many were New Zealand’s most important early European settler.
What - Killing whales for their oil, teeth, bones, etc.
Where - Everywhere in New Zealand, but Cook Strait was extremely popular for shore based whalers.
Why - Whales were hunted for many reasons, mostly for what they provide to humans. Their oil was used in lamps and machinery. Corsets and whips were made out of the baleen that hangs inside the whale’s mouth to catch krill and other good. Ambergris, which forms in a whale’s stomach was also an ingredient in expensive perfumes.
How - Whaling was done by either ship-whaling, or shore-whaling. Ship whaling is hunting for whales away from shore, in boats and ships, whereas shore whaling was done onshore.
