Nyshla study jeopardy exam 1

Question 1

what is the difference between penetration and aspiration

Answer 1

penetration is into the laryngeal area but not below the vfs and aspiration is when food/liquids go into the laryngeal area and past the vfs`

Question 2

t/f dysphagia is a primary medical diagnosis

Answer 2

false its a symptom of a underlying disease.

Question 3

name three connective tissue/rheumatoid disorders that may contribute to dysphagia.

Answer 3

scleroderma, molymyostis, sjogren’s disease.

Question 4

name 4 professionals that an slp might work with on a medical team managing dysphagia

Answer 4

primary physicians/ nurses, gastroenterologis, neurologis, otolaryngologist, radiologist, pharmacist, OT/PT, pulmonologist, dietician, detist, respiratory therapist.

Question 5

name common signs and symptoms of someone suscpected to have dysphagia

Answer 5

coughing, long meal periods, unexplainable weight loss, recurrent pneumonia.

Question 6

name 3 signs or symptoms of HNC.

Answer 6

oral lesions, new neck mass, globus sensation, dysphagia, tongue deviation, CN deficits, hoarseness, trismus, otalgia

Question 7

what is the condition (s) a HNC paitent can develop when they have late toxicity years after treatment?

Answer 7

radiation fibrosis, late onset dysphagia.

Question 8

what is the treatment term used for a HNC patient that has to undergo chemo on top of radiation therapy? (or triple modality treatment)

Answer 8

chemoradiotherapy.

Question 9

what are the 2 primary modalities of treatment for HNC?

Answer 9

surgery and XRT (radiation therapy)

Question 10

damage to this nerve may cause tongue fasiculations.

Answer 10

hypoglossal.

Question 11

what CN sends parasympathetic signals to the brainstem to relax the UES?

Answer 11

CN IX glossopharyngeal

Question 12

what muscle elevates the velum?

Answer 12

levator veli palatini.

Question 13

what are the three levels of airway protection?

Answer 13

true vocal folds, ventricular folds, epiglottis

Question 14

why is it necessary for the base of the tongue to contact the pharyngeal wall?

Answer 14

to build pressure and to create the peristaltic wave to drive the bolus down.

Question 15

name the two face muscles involved in the oral prep phase and their functions?

Answer 15

orbicularis oris labial seal. buccinator cheek contraction to keep food from pooling in the mouth.

Question 16

name the five functions/[rp[erties of saliva

Answer 16

lubricate bolus
oral moisture
reduce tooth decay
assist digestion
neutralize stomach

Question 17

name the four extrinsic muscles and the overall role of the extrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 17

hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus, genioglossis and their overall role is to aid in positioning of the tongue relative to the oral cavity and pharyngeal structures.

Question 18

what CN carries motor nerve fibers that innervate both intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles (except the palatoglossus)

Answer 18

Hypoglossal nerve XII

Question 19

name the 4 muscles of mastication

Answer 19

masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral petrygoids.

Question 20

masseter function

Answer 20

closes jaw and brings mandible up

Question 21

temporalis function

Answer 21

mvers jaw up forward or back

Question 22

medial and lateral petrygoids

Answer 22

(medial=work bilateral to close jaw
lateral=open, protrudes and side to side jaw movement)

Question 23

name the part of the tongue that is the driving force to propel the bolus posteriorly during this phase.

Answer 23

tongue tip

Question 24

what are the three extrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 24

hyoglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus.

Question 25

true or false: before or during the 2ns posterior tongue movement, respiration stops.

Answer 25

false it is the 1st posterior tongue movement.

Question 26

when does wallow apnea occur?

Answer 26

when the bolus is at the level of the valleculae.

Question 27

true or false: a safe swallow follows the exhale-swallow-exhale pattern?

Answer 27

true

Question 28

true or false: the pharyngeal phase is voluntary

Answer 28

false