esophageal phase and overview and neurology of dentition Flashcards
the esophageal phase is
the esophageal transit time
the esophageal phase requires and ordered pattern of coordinated activities t/f
true
peristalsis movement is from
the top of the esophagus, sequentially downward.
overview of swallowing: what are the phases in order
oral prep, oral, pharyngeal, esophageal
the main purpose/function of the oral prep phase is to
place food in mouth, manipulate/ chew food (the time varies)
the function of the oral phase is to
propel the bolus posteriorly (about 1-1.5 seconds)
the pharyngeal stage’s function is to
transit bolus vertically through the pharynx (.6-1 second).
the function of the esophageal phase is to do this.
transit bolus vertically through esophagus 8-20 seconds
t/f swallowing is dependent upon only motor control
false it is sensroy and motro control.
sensory afferent neurons carry neural impulses
from sensory stimuli towards the CNS and brain
motor efferent nneurons carry neural impulses
away from sns to muscles to produce/cause movement.
sensory input drives
motor output.
complete oropharyngeal muscle contraction and relaxation sequence is triggered by these groups of neurons
the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) a nd the nucleus ambigus (NA)
the NTS and NA are within in
retifular formation of the brain stem.
the nucleus ambigus (NA) and Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) are collectively refered to as the
central pattern generation (CPG)
CPGs are networks of neurons that can produces ____ in the absence of sensory feedback.
repetitive, rhymic, muscle activity.
t/f CPGS need sensory feedback to produce repetitive, rhythmic, muscle activity.
false.
CPGs can!! produce repetitive, rhythmic muscle activity in the absense of sensory feedback.
the NTS houses sensory nuclei of
CN VII facial
CN IX gloossopharyngeal
CNX vagus.
the NTS provides _____ to the CPG
sensory feedback
NTS gives sensory feedback from these 5
tongue (taste), velum,, pharynx, larynx, upper GI
the NTS integrates taste and these systems
cardiovascular, respiration, swallowing.
most of CN ___ & CN___ synapse in the NTS
CN IX glossopharyngeal & CN X vagus
THE nucleus ambiguus (NA) houses motor nuclei for these CN
CN IX glossopharyngeal!!!
CN X Vagus
CN XII Hypoglossal
important for palatal, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal muscle function. (NA/ or NTS)
NA
If you electrically stimulate these areas in brain stem you can elicit a swallow response true/false (CPG)
true
if CPGs can produce muscle activity without sensory this meakes it a
semi-automatic process.
although the CPG can produce muscle activity without sensory feed back, the swallow is not fully functional. we also neeed ____________
cortical input to have an effective swallow
the swallow cpg can not be modulated t/f
false the swallow cpg can me modulated
how is/can the cpg me modulated
continous sensroy feedback from pharynx may influence the neurons of the spg
