NW C3 GQ2 GW Vocab

Question 1

Machine

Answer 1

From root “machina-“: a device that changes the size or direction of a force used in doing work.

Question 2

Compound machine

Answer 2

From roots “com-“ and “ponere-“: a combination of two or more simple machines.

Question 3

Lever

Answer 3

From root “levare-“: a machine that does work by turning around a fulcrum.

Question 4

Fulcrum

Answer 4

From root “fulcire-“: a rigid point or support at which a lever pivots.

Question 5

Wheel and axle

Answer 5

From root “axel-“: a simple machine made up of two circles rigidly attached to each other that move together and can bear a load.

Question 6

Pulley

Answer 6

From root “polos-“: a simple machine that is a wheel with a groove in its rim.

Question 7

Wedge

Answer 7

From root “wegge-“: a form of inclined plane that tapers from a very thick end to a very thin end.

Question 8

Screw

Answer 8

From root “scroba-“: a combination of an inclined plane and a cylinder that has a spiral groove cut into it.

Question 9

Efficiency

Answer 9

From root “efficientia-“: measures the output work compared to the input work of a machine.

Efficiency = (output work ÷ input work) x 100%

Question 10

Mechanical advantage (MA)

Answer 10

From root “avant-“: the number of times a machine increases a force exerted on it. A comparison of the force needed to do the work directly with the force applied to a machine.

Mechanical advantage = output force ÷ input force.

Question 11

Momentum

Answer 11

From root “momentum-“: the product of an object’s mass and velocity.

Momentum = mass x velocity.

Question 12

Centripetal force

Answer 12

From roots “centrum-“ and “petere-“: the force needed to create and maintain circular motion.

Question 13

Amplitude

Answer 13

From root “ampl-“ meaning “large, spacious. abundant”: the vertical distance of a wave between the crest (maximum) or the trough (minimum) and the equilibrium (rest) point.

Question 14

Conversion

Answer 14

From root “convertere-“ meaning “to turn about, transform”: a change from one form of energy to another (transformation).

Question 15

Frequency

Answer 15

From root “frequentia-“ meaning “crowd, repeated, press”: the number of complete waves that pass a given point in a given amount of time.

Question 16

Kinetic energy

Answer 16

From root “kine-“ meaning “to move, moving”: the energy of motion.

Question 17

Longitudinal wave

Answer 17

From root “long-“ meaning “long”: a wave that moves parallel to the direction of propagation.

Question 18

Transverse wave

Answer 18

From roots “trans-“ and “vers-“ meaning “across, through” and “turn, change”: a wave that moves perpendicular to the direction of propogation.

Question 19

Potential energy

Answer 19

From root “poten-“ meaning “power”: energy stored or held in readiness, with the potential to do work.

Question 20

Power

Answer 20

From roots “potere-“, “potus-“, or “posse-“, meaning “powerful, able”: the rate at which work is done.

Question 21

Wavelength

Answer 21

From roots “wafian-“ and “length”, meaning “wave, fluctuate” and “length”: the distance between two corresponding parts of a wave.