Nutritional Problems

Question 1

The % of daily calories for healthy adults (>19) as described in the Canada food guide consists of which of the following?

A) 10-20% carbs, 30-45% protein, 10-25% fat

B) 30-45% carbs, 15-30% protein, 25-40% fat

C) 5-15% carbs, 35-55% protein, 5-25% fat

D) 55% carbs, 15-20% protein, 30% fat

Answer 1

D) 55% carbs, 15-20% protein, 30% fat

Question 2

During starvation, in what order does the body obtain substrate for energy?

A) Glycogen, skelatal protien, fat, visercal protien

B) visercal protien, fat stores, glycogen

C) fat stores, skeletal protien, visceral protien

D) liver protien, muscle protien, visceral protien

Answer 2

A) Glycogen, skelatal protien, fat, visercal protien

Question 3

For which type of client is a complete nutrional assesment including anthropometric measurments important? (sata)

A) a client with a BMI of 17.5kg/m2

B) a client complaining of frequent nocturia

C) a client who reports a 5-year history of constipation

D) a client who reports an unitentional weightloss of 5kg in two months

Answer 3

A) a client with a BMI of 17.5kg/m2

D) a client who reports an unitentional weightloss of 5kg in two months

Question 4

What is one advantage of PEG tube placements relative to NG tube feedings for a client receiving long-term enteral nutrition

A) it increases client comfort

B) it eliminates the risk of aspiration

C) feedings can be initiated before bowel sounds are present

D) more calories can be delivered compared with NG feedings

Answer 4

A) it increases client comfort

Question 5

A client is receiving peripheral parenteral nutrition. The PN solution is completed before the new solution arrived on the unit. What should the nurse administer?

A) 20% intralipids

B) 5% dextrose solution

C) 5% ringers lactate solution

D) 0.45% NS solution

Answer 5

B) 5% dextrose solution

Question 6

A client with anorexia nervosa shows signs of malnutrition. During initial refeeding, what does the nurse carefully assess the client for?

A) hyperkalemia

B) hypoglycemia

C) hypercalcemia

D) hypophosphatemia

Answer 6

A) hyperkalemia

Question 7

What is the difference between Enteral nutrition and parenteral nutrition?

Answer 7

Parenteral nutrition (PN) refers to the administration of nutrients by a route other than the GI tract (e.g., the blood stream)

Enteral nutrition (EN) (also known as tube feeding) is defined as nutrition (e.g., a nutritionally balanced liquefied food or formula) provided through the GI tract via a tube, catheter, or stoma that delivers nutrients distal to the oral cavity

Question 8

The older adult patient is at risk for nutritional problems due to physiological changes that include: (SATA)

A) Changes in the oral cavity

B) Changes in digestion and motility

C) Changes in libido

D) Changes in the endocrine system

E) Changes in the musculo-skeletal system

F) Decreases in vision and hearing

Answer 8

All but C)