Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diarrhea with dehydration. The nurse recognizes peristalsis resulting in diarrhea can be related to which is the following mechanisms?

A) sympathetic inhibition

B) mixing and propulsion

C) sympathetic stimulation

D) parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 1

D) parasympathetic stimulation

Question 2

A client has an elevated blood level of indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin. Which of the following might cause this finding?

A) the gall bladder is unable to contract to release stored bile

B) bilirubin is not being conjugated and excreated into the bile by the liver

C) the kupffer cells in the liver are unable to remove any bilirubin from the blood

D) there is an obstruction in the biliary tract preventing flow of bile into the small intestine

Answer 2

B) bilirubin is not being conjugated and excreated into the bile by the liver

Question 3

Which of the following normally protects the bowel from the acidity of gastric contents as they move into the small intestine?
A) inhibition of secretin release

B) release of bicarbonate by the pancreas

C) release of pancreatic digestive enzymes

D) release of gastrin by the duodenal mucosa

Answer 3

B) release of bicarbonate by the pancreas

Question 4

An 80 year old ,man states that although he puts a lot of salt on his meals, it still does not have much flavour. Which the the following factors related to aging would account for this finding?

A) some disorder; he should not experience changes in the ability to taste.

B) some loss of taste sensation but no difficulty chewing food.

C) loss of taste buds, especially for sweetness and saltiness

D) loss of the sense of taste because abilty to smell is decreased

Answer 4

C) loss of taste buds, especially for sweetness and saltiness

Question 5

Which of the following is appropriate to initiate a GI assessment?

A) “what is your usual bowel elimination pattern”

B) “what percentage of your income is spent on food?”

C) “have you travelled to a foreign country in the past year”?

D) “does stress give you diarrhea”?

Answer 5

A) “what is your usual bowel elimination pattern”

Question 6

Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse to undertake during an examination of the abdomen

A) position the client in the supine position with the ned flat and knees straight

B) listen in the epigastrium and all four quadrants for 2 to 5 minutes for bowel sounds.

C) use the following order of techniques; inspection, palpation, percussion, ausculatation

D) describe the bowel sounds as absent if no sound is heard in the lower right quadrant after two mins.

Answer 6

B) listen in the epigastrium and all four quadrants for 2 to 5 minutes for bowel sounds.

Question 7

Which of the following findings would be considered a normal physical assessment finding of the GI system (SATA)

A) non-palpable liver and spleen

B) borborygmi in upper right quadrant

C) tympany on percussion of the abdomen

D) liver edge 2-4 I’m below the costal margin

E) finding a firm, nodular edge on the rectal examination

Answer 7

A) non-palpable liver and spleen

C) tympany on percussion of the abdomen

Question 8

Which of the following is correct in preparing a client for a colonoscopy?

A) a signed consent form is not necessary.

B) sedation may be used during the procedure

C) only one cleansing edema is necessary for preparation

D) a light meal should be eaten the day before the procedure

Answer 8

B) sedation mayy be used during the procedure

Question 9

The GI tract is innervated by the _______ system. The parasympathetic system is mainly excitatory, and the sympathetic system is mainly inhibitory

Answer 9

Autonomic nervous system

Question 10

What is deglutition?

Answer 10

Swallowing

Question 11

A ________ refers to the direct visualization of a body structure through a lighted fibre-optic instrument

Answer 11

Endoscopy