Nutritional Assessment

Question 1

What is a nutritional assessment?

Answer 1

The evaluation of a patient’s nutritional status based on subjective and objective clinical information

Question 2

The 24 hour recall is what type of questioning?

Answer 2

Retrospective

Question 3

The 3 day diary is what type of questioning?

Answer 3

Prospective

Question 4

The 3 day diary mitigates what type of bias?

Answer 4

Recall Bias

Question 5

What is a normal BMI?

Answer 5

18.5-25

Question 6

What does increased waist circumference indicate?

Answer 6

Increased risk of morbidity, DM, HLD, HTN, cardiovascular disease

Question 7

What is an abnormal waist circumference?

Answer 7

> 40 male
35 female

Question 8

What is a macronutrient?

Answer 8

Fat, carbs, protein

Question 9

What is a micronutrient?

Answer 9

Vitamins
Minerals
Essential Amino Acids
Essential Fatty Acids

Question 10

What vitamins are fat soluble?

Answer 10

A, D, E, K

Question 11

When do we see fat soluble vitamin deficiencies?

Answer 11

Fat malabsorption syndromes (bariatric surgery, GI illness)

Question 12

What vitamins are water soluble?

Answer 12

B and C

Question 13

When do we see water soluble deficiencies?

Answer 13

Poor nutritional intake or malabsorption

Question 14

What is the role of Thiamine B1?

Answer 14

Glucose metabolism, antioxidant, neuro metabolism

Question 15

Where is Thiamine B1 found?

Answer 15

pork, fortified grains, seeds, nuts

Question 16

Who is usually deficient in Thiamine B1?

Answer 16

alcoholics, poor diet/restricted diet

Question 17

What are the symptoms of Thiamine B1 deficiency?

Answer 17

Beriberi
wet/CV- heart failure, cardiomegaly, edema, tachycardia, SOB
dry/neuro- sensory and motor neuropathy
Wernicke’s and Korsakoff

Question 18

What is the role of Niacin B3?

Answer 18

Create NAD and NADP coenzymes, used for energy

Question 19

Where is Niacin B3 found?

Answer 19

meats, eggs, dairy, legumes, nuts, seeds, fortified grains

Question 20

Who is usually deficient of Niacin B3?

Answer 20

alcoholics, anorexics, HIV+, malabsorption

Question 21

What are the symptoms of Niacin B3 deficiency?

Answer 21

Pellagra
3 Ds- photosensitive dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia

Question 22

What is the role of pyridoxine B6?

Answer 22

Protein neurotransmitter metabolism, gluconeogenesis

Question 23

Where is pyridoxine B6 found?

Answer 23

fish, poultry, potatoes, fortified grains
avocado, bananas, spinach, and nuts have some

Question 24

Who is usually deficient in pyridoxine B6?

Answer 24

CKD, GI disease, autoimmune patients, medications (OCP, anti-TB, theophylline, L-dopa)

Question 25

What are the symptoms of pyridoxine B6 deficiency?

Answer 25

anemia, dermatitis, depression, seizures

Question 26

What is the role of Folate B9?

Answer 26

amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism, cell division

Question 27

What is the most common nutrient deficiency in the US?

Answer 27

Folate

Question 28

Where is folate found?

Answer 28

green leafy veg, broccoli, asparagus, fortified grains

Question 29

Who is usually deficient in folate?

Answer 29

alcoholics, poor veggie intake, smokers, malabsorption pts, MTHFR patients, medications (trimethoprim, methotrexate, phenytoin)

Question 30

What are the symptoms of folate deficiency?

Answer 30

anemia, glossitis/stomatitis, GI upset, fatigue

Question 31

What is the role of cobalamin B12?

Answer 31

nucleic acid metabolism, conversion of folate to active form, numerous other metabolic roles