Nutritional aspects of heart disease

Question 1

What risk factors for Cardiovascular disease does diet directly affect?

Answer 1

Hypertension
Obesity
Diabetes

Question 2

What would be the effect of suppressing health risk behaviours on the prevalence of CVD and cancer?

Answer 2

Suppressing health risk behaviours would allow to prevent at least 80% of CVDs and even 40% of cancers.

Question 3

What food components are pro-atherogenic?

Answer 3

Cholesterol
Saturated FA
Trans FA
Sodium (salt)
Alcohol

Question 4

What miscellaneous factors may be pro-atherogenic ?

Answer 4

Homocysteine

B12 and folate

Question 5

What food components are anti-atherogenic?

Answer 5

PUFA - poly unsat
CHO - rich diet
NSP - non starch polysaccharides
MUFA - mono unsat

Antioxidant
Phytochemicals

Question 6

What miscellaneous factors may be anti-atherogenic?

Answer 6

Allicin - found in Garlic and onions

Cathechins - found in Green tea

Question 7

Why is cholesterol shit for you

Answer 7

strong positive relationship between plasma level (LDL level) and CHD

Question 8

Why are sat fats shit for you?

Answer 8

They inhibit & suppress LDL receptors - inducing a higher LDL plasma level

Question 9

What is the recommended amount of sat fats for men and women?

Answer 9

Men: no more than 30g/day

Women: no more than 20g/day

Question 10

Why are trans fatty acids shit for you

Answer 10

Raise LDL cholesterol and plasma TAG and lower HDL cholesterol (the good cholesterol)