Nutrition part 2 Flashcards
BMR
the energy required to carry on the involuntary activity of the body at rest
males have a higher BMR due to
larger muscle mass
BMR rate for men of body weight per hour is
1 cal/kg
BMR rate of body weight per hour for women is
0.9 cal/kg
BMR is
basal metabolic rate
factors that increase BMR are
growth, infections, fever, emotional tension, extreme environmental temperatures, elevated levels of hormones
factors that decrease BMR are
aging prolonged fasting and sleep
A client is discussing weight loss with a nurse. The patient says, “I will not eat for two weeks, then I will lose at least 10 pounds.” What should the nurse tell the client
“That will decrease your metabolic rate and make weight loss more difficult.”
the step in calculating caloric requirements is
multiplying weight (in pounds) by 10 for women and 11 for men then multiplying their usual activity level
for activity level, sedentary is
1.2
for light activity , walking not more than 2 hours, the active level is
1.3
the activity level for moderate activity, heavy house work or gardening is
1.4
for high activity , sports, labor intensive occupation . the active level is
1.5
How much of calories is required for a female with light activity (weight 130 lb)
1690 Cal
the serum albumin levels are
3.5 to 5.5 g/dl
hematocrit (HCT) ranges for men and women are
39-50 percent for meant and 35-45 percent for women
hemoglobin (hb) for ranges in men and women are
13.5-17.5 g/dl and 12-15.5 g/dl
most imprint nursing interventions are
stimulating appetite and assisting with eating
other nursing interventions include
monitoring nutritional status and teaching nutritional information
A nurse is feeding a client. Which of the following statements would help a person maintain dignity while being fed?
what part of your dinner would you like to eat first?
how many cups for fruit per day
2 cups
how many grains per day
6 oz
how many retables per day
2.5 cups
how many meat and beans per day
5.5 oz
how much milk or dairy
3 cups
1 cup equals
8 oz
clear liquid diet are
clear liquids at room temp, clear juice
full liquid diet
plus, milk, puddings, custards, votable juice
soft diet are
regular diet shout food hard to digest or to chew
after oral or facial surgery we provide these diets
purred diet or mechanical soft diet
pureed diet are
blenderized liquid diet
mechanical soft diet are
regular diet with modification for texture (chopped, ground or blenderized.
transitional diets after surgery or parental nutrition are
clear liquid, full liquid, soft diet, and reg diet
A client has been prescribed a clear liquid diet. What food or fluids can be served
gelatin
what are two enteral nutrition that we give pt with dyshpagia
nasogastric (NG) tube or nasointestinal (NI) tube
dyshpagia
painful/diffiuctly swallowing
dyshasia
difficulty in speech
how long do NG tube and NI tube last for nutritional enteral support?
<4 weeks
levin tube for NG tubes are
firm and large
dobbhoff tube for NG tubes re
smaller and softer
NG tubes are not for
gastroesphageal reflux gastric stasis
Nasointestinal tube
s passed through the nose and into the upper portion of the small intestine.
dumping sydrom is when
there is gas, bloating, nausea diarrhea cramping and light headedness wit NI tubes
dumping syndrome is caused by
caused by overdistention of the small intestine (pyloric valve in the stomach)
when confirming with aspirate PH and visual assent of NG tube
ph <5.5, off-white, yellow or grassy green
when confirming with aspirate PH and visual assent of NI tube
ph > 7, bile-stained, yellow or brownish, greenish brown
with carbon dioxide monitoring (CO2 detector) of enteral nutrition
yellow detest co2, bad. remove the tubing.
we also can examine the tubing if its in the right place by
radiographic examination
Long term national support for nutrtional support are
PEG tube and PEG/J tube
Percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy (PEG) tube is placed
placed into the stomach
PEG/J tube are placed
into he jejunum thought the stomach
who gets the low-profile gastrostomy device (LPGD)
people who are active or children
complications for enteral feeding are (part 1)
aspiration , clogged tube, nasal erison
complication for enteral feeding are (part 2)
diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dissension, unplanned extubation, stoma infection
TPN (Toal parenteral nutrition)
given through and how it is delivered
hypertonic, central venous access device
PPN (partial parenteral nutriton) what type of solution and how it is delivered
isotonic , compliments similar to TPN, peripheral vein access
which two parenteral are given through intravenous route
TPN PPN
complication of parenteral nation
insertion problems, phlebitis and fiction with sepsis
complication of parenteral nutrition part 2
fluid, electrolyte, acid-base imbalances, metallic alteration, (liver and gallbladder disease)
when is parenteral used?
used only when enteral intake is inadequate or contraindicated
if these complications of parenteral nutrition are present
should be gradually discontinued ASAP
