Nutrition Notes Study

Question 1

Nutrition

Answer 1

Science of food + how the body uses it in health/disease

Question 2

Diet

Answer 2

Sum of the food you eat

Question 3

Calorie

Answer 3

The energy in food that we need to fuel our bodies (fats, carbs, proteins)

Question 4

Nutrient

Answer 4

Substance the body must get from food to meet optimal health conditions
-(body cannot make them itself)
-high/low calorie density - some foods have more/less nutrients but same weight

Question 5

Protein

Answer 5

Helps your body grow, repair itself, fight disease, and provides energy

Question 6

Carbohydrate

Answer 6

Body’s main source of energy

Question 7

Simple Carbs

Answer 7

-Sugar
-Releases too quickly resulting in sugar highs & crashes
-Leaves you feeling hungry so you eat more

Question 8

Complex Carbs

Answer 8

-Comprised of starch + fiber
-Release gradually + provide steady source of energy
-Make you feel full, satiated, and satisfied
-Easily broken down to release energy

Question 9

Fat

Answer 9

Supplies energy, insulates, supports and cushions organs

Question 10

Vitamin

Answer 10

Helps regulate body processes (tissue + cell growth)

Question 11

Mineral

Answer 11

Helps regulate body functions (movement of a body part/organ) while others become part of body tissues

Question 12

Water

Answer 12

Makes up 50-70% of body weight, transports chemicals, regulates temperature, removes waste products

Question 13

Fiber

Answer 13

Non digestible part of plant foods, promotes healthy digestive system, helps maintain a healthy body weight, prevents some diseases

Question 14

Insoluble Fiber

Answer 14

Keeps you ‘regular’, found in whole wheat, bran, nuts, veggies

Question 15

Soluble Fiber

Answer 15

‘Heart healthy’, found in oats, peas, beans, apples, citrus, carrots

Question 16

Sodium

Answer 16

Salt

Question 17

Cholesterol

Answer 17

A waxy substance found in every cell of humans and animals

Question 18

Low Density Lipoproteins

Answer 18

BAD
-blood fat that transports cholesterol to organs and tissues
-excess amounts result in fatty deposits on artery walls

Question 19

High Density Lipoproteins

Answer 19

GOOD
-blood fat that transports cholesterol out of the arteries
-protects against heart disease

Question 20

Obesity

Answer 20

Having an excessive amount of body fat

Question 21

Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 21

The name of the group of risk factors that increase the risk of health problems such as heart disease, lipid problems, cancer, dementia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and other