Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Nutrition in Man > Flashcards

Nutrition in Man Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the two kinds of nutritions that humans carry out ?

A

Heterotrophic nutrition & Holozoic nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Humans eat both plants & animals so they are what kind of eaters ?

A

Omnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a balanced diet ?

A

This is a diet consisting of all the nutrition from the different food groups in the correct proportions needed. (fibre & water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many food groups are there ?

A

There are 6 Caribbean Food Groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the food groups

A

Staples
Fruits
Vegetables
Legumes
Food from animals
Fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Staples & three examples

A

The main Nutrient is starch

EXAMPLES : bread, potatoes, pasta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Fruits & three examples

A

The main Nutrients are sugars & vitamins

EXAMPLES : mango, orange, apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Vegetables & three examples

A

The main Nutrient is vitamins

EXAMPLES : lettuce, spinach, pumpkin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Legumes & two examples

A

The main Nutrients are protein, fats, vitamins

EXAMPLES : beans & peas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Food from Animals & three examples

A

The main Nutrients are protein, fats, minerals

EXAMPLES : chicken, beef, pork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the main Nutrient(s) of Fats & three examples

A

The main Nutrient in fatty acids

EXAPLES : butter, oil, shortening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What determines the Dietary needs of an individual ?

A

~ People with active jobs need more energy than those with inactive jobs

~ Growing children need more energy than adults

~ Men need more energy than women because of their higher metabolic rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are MAcronutrients & what do they include ?

A

These are the nutrients which require larger quantities in the diet. These include : Carbohydrates, Fats & Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the MIcronutrients include ?

A

Vitamins & Minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two things that are not nutrients but are important to a diet ?

A

Water & Roughage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the Organic Nutrients ?

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats/Lipids & Vitamins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the ‘building blocks’ that MAcronutrients are made of ?

A

Monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is made when the ‘building blocks’ of MArconutrients are combined ?

A

They make larger molecules called Polymers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens when monomers ere combined ?

A

Water molecules are released as ‘byproducts’ & this reaction is called Condensation or Dehydration Synthesis (to put together while losing water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Can Polymers be broken down into Monomers ? If so how ?

A

Yes, this happens when water molecules are added. This is called Hydrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are carbohydrates made of ?

A

Monosaccharides (simple sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are that Types of Carbohydrates ?

A

Monosaccharides - simple sugar (building block)
Disaccharides - 2 monosaccharides
Polysaccharides - more than 2 monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the characteristics of the Types of Carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides - sweet & soluble
Disaccharides - sweet & soluble
Polysaccharides - not sweet & insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are three examples of Monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Galactose
Frutose

25
Q

What are three examples of Disaccharides

A

Maltose
Sucrose
Lactose

26
Q

What are three examples of Polysaccharides

A

Starch
Glycogen
Cellulose

27
Q

What are carbohydrates used for ?

A

This is used for Energy (monosaccharides & disaccharides)

Polysaccharides :
Starch is used for food storage in plants
Glycogen is used for food storage in animals
Cellulose is found in the cell walls of plants

28
Q

What are 3 Good sources of Carbohydrates ?

A

Sweet Potatoes
Brown Rice
Pumpkin

29
Q

Excessive Carbohydrates intake can cause ?

A

Diabetes
Obesity

30
Q

What are the monomers of Proteins ?

A

Amino Acids

31
Q

Why do Amino Acids link up, & when they do what happens ?

A

It is caused by Condensation and the linkage creates Polypeptide Chains

32
Q

How is Protein formed ?

A

It is formed when Polypeptide Chains link up & become folded

33
Q

Name ONE example of a Soluble Protein & an Insoluble Protein

A

Soluble Protein - haemoglobin (red pigment in blood)
Insoluble Protein - keratin (found in hair & nails)

34
Q

What are 3 uses of Protein ?

A

Growth and Repair, Metabolism & Cell membrane formation

35
Q

Where are 3 places that Protein can be found ?

A

Skin, Hair & Fingernails

36
Q

If a person is suffering from starvation, what would happen to the protein in their body ?

A

The Protein in their bodies would be used for energy

37
Q

What are 3 good sources of Protein

A

Meat, Egg, Cheese

38
Q

What are the building blocks / monomers of Fats ?

A

Fatty acids & Glycerol

39
Q

What are the two kinds of fatty acids ? And give an example of each

A

Saturated fatty acids ~ e.g. butter (solid at room tempurature)

Unsaturated fatty acids ~ e.g. oils (liquid at room tempurature)

40
Q

What happens to Fatty acids when Condensation occurs ?

A

They are joined to Glycerol

41
Q

Can fatty acids be removed from Glycerol & if so How ?

A

Yes, this can happen by hydrolysis (adding water molecules)

42
Q

Lipids are insoluble in _____, but soluble in _______ .

A

Lipids are insoluble in WATER, but soluble in ETHANOL .

43
Q

What are 3 things Fats / Lipids used for ?

A

They are used as a secondary source of energy, the formation of cell membranes & storage

44
Q

What are 3 sources of both Saturated & Unsaturated fats ?

A

Saturated fats ~ milk, cheese, fatty parts of red meat

Unsaturated fats ~ avocados, olive oil, fish oil

45
Q

What are the different Vitamins & their names ?

A

A - retinol
B1 - thiamine
B2 - riboflavin
C - ascorbic acid
D - calciferol

46
Q

What are 2 sources of vitamin A & what can be cause by a lack of it

A

Two sources are Egg-yolk, butter

A lack of this can cause Sore eyes

47
Q

What are 2 sources of vitamin B & what can be cause by a lack of it

A

Two sources are Egg-yolks, beans

A lack of this can cause Beri-beri & Dermatitis

48
Q

What are 2 sources of vitamin C & what can be cause by a lack of it

A

Two sources are Fresh Fruits & Raw Vegetables

A lack of this can cause Scurvy

49
Q

What are 2 sources of vitamin D & what can be cause by a lack of it

A

Two sources are Sunlight & Egg-Yolk

A lack of this can cause Rickets

50
Q

What are the Minerals ?

A

Nitrogen - N
Iron - Fe
Iodine - I
Calcium - Ca
Sodium - Na

51
Q

Two sources of Nitrogen & two importances of it .

A

Sources - Eggs & Milk

Importances - Formation of muscles & Hair

52
Q

Two sources of Iron & two importances of it .

A

Sources - Eggs & Yeast

Importances - Forms haemoglobin in red blood cells & Absence can cause Anaemia

53
Q

Two sources of Calcium & two importances of it .

A

Sources - Milk & Cheese

Importances - Formation of teeth and bones & necessary for blood clotting

54
Q

Two sources of Iodine & two importances of it .

A

Sources - Cheese & Sea foods

Importances - Formation of hormones in thyroid gland & absence causes reduced growth

55
Q

Two sources of Sodium & two importances of it .

A

Sources - Green Vegetables & Table salt

Importances - Maintenance of tissue fluids & transmission of nerve impulses

56
Q

What does Roughage do ?

A

This insures bowel movement

57
Q

What does Water do ?

A

helps transport substances

absorbs heat, preventing organisms from overheating

plays a part in many cellular reactions

58
Q

What are the Diet related diseases ?

A

Obesity
Diabetes Mellitus
Hypertension
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Knashiorkor
Marasmus

Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions