Nutrition in Infants

Question 1

Explain the Life Cycle Progress

Answer 1

Neonate - under one month
Infant - until one year
Preschool child - 1-5 years old
Child - until 18 years
Adolescent - 11 until 19
Young person - 15 to 26
Women of reproductive age (WRA) - 15-45

Question 2

Energy requirements for infants

Answer 2

Energy needs increase, but by kg they decrease
1 year - 1000kcal a day
3 years - 1300 kcal a day
10 years - 2000 kcal a day

Question 3

Facts about growth in infants

Answer 3

• Weight doubles by 4 -5 months and triples by 1 year.
• Body length increases 55%
• Head circumference increases 40%
• Brain weight doubles
• BMR is twice that of an adult
• As the growth rate declines, activity increases

Question 4

What is the recommender kcal intake for infants?

Answer 4

100kcal/kg
On average 1 year old child requires 1000-1300 kcal/day. This energy requirement doubles by 10 years of age.

Question 5

What are the micronutrients to support growth?

Answer 5

Adequate vitamin A, D & Calcium
Adequate water
Dose of vitamin K at birth

Question 6

Why nutrition of Infants is important?

Answer 6

Affects later development
Sets the stage for eating habits
Provide a nurturing, relaxing environment

Question 7

What is the RDA for iron during childhood?

Answer 7

1-3 years is 7mg
4-8 years is 10mg

Question 8

What are the nutritional concerns of childhood?

Answer 8

Hunger
Malnutrition, Micronutrients and PEM
Deficiencies of vitamins A, D, Zinc, Iron and proteins.
These results in illnesses, stunted growth, limited development and, in case of vitamin A deficiency, possibly permanent blindness.

Question 9

Nutrient needs of Adolescents

Answer 9

Males
11-14 55 kcal/kg 2500 P 1.0 g/kg
15-18 45 kcal/kg 3000 P 0.9 g/kg

Females
11-14 47kcal/kg 2200 P 1.0g/kg
15-18 40kcal/kg 2200 p 0.9g/kg

Question 10

What are the 3 essential micronutrients for adolescents?

Answer 10

Vitamin A, Iron and Calcium
Calcium 1300mg/day
Iron 11mg/day (boys)
Iron 15mg/day (girls)