Nutrition in Gestation Flashcards
Gestation
fertilized ovum implants in uterus and undergoes differentiation and grows until it can support extra-uterine life
Energy requirements for during gestation period
- avoid weight gain
- additional 1300 kcal for 2nd and 3rd trimester
BMI: Underweight
Less than 18.5; RWG: 28-40 lbs, First trimester: 5 lbs, thereafter: 1 lb/week
BMI: Normal
18.5-24.9 ; RWG: 25-35 lbs, First trimester: 3 1/2 lbs, thereafter: 1 lb/week
BMI: Overweight
25.0-29.9; 15-125 lbs, First trimester: 2 lbs, 1/2 lb/week
BMI: Obese
Less than or equal to 30
Protein Intake
9-10 grams
Mineral Intake : Calcium & Phosphurus
calcify fetal bones and teeth
Mineral Intake: Iron
RBC, 700-1000 grams
Mineral Intake: Iodine
Fetal development
Mineral Intake: Zinc
DNA & RNA synthesis, deficit predicts low birth weight
Vitamins: Folate
Prevents neural tube defects (Spina Bifida), 400-600 mg
Vitamins: B12
RBC synthesis
Vitamins: B6
Prevents severe nausea and vomiting
Vitamins: A
- essential in epithelial cells during organogenesis
- good vision
Vitamins: K
- stabilize prothrombin level of infant
COMPLICATIONS IN GESTATION: Morning sickness
- eat dry toast, cereals, crackers before getting out of bed in the morning
- chew gum or hard candy
- take small & frequent feedings
- dont drink liquid with food
COMPLICATIONS IN GESTATION: Pre-eclampsia
Limit salty food
COMPLICATION IN GESTATION: Constipation
- Drink 8 glasses of water a day
- Eat lots of veggies and fruits
- Enjoy whole grain cereals and bread
What to avoid in gestation period?
Alcohol and Smoking
