Nutrition in Diabetes-Thomas Flashcards
(blank) million american have diabetes
(blank) leading cause of death in the U.S
(blank) million americans have pre-diabetes
26
7th
79
(blank) percent of patients do NOT receive diabetes education
56%
Providers know importance of DE but dont necessarily prescribe (blank), and sometimes forget to follow up with patients to encourage attendance
diabetes education
What are the accrediation organizations for diabetes educators?
- American association of diabetes educators
- American Diabetes Association
The best diet for diabetic patients is individualized and based upon that patient’s (Blank)
goals
What is this:
autoimmune disease where the body produces little to no insulin
Type 1 diabetes
What is this:
body produces insulin, but does not use it properly. Insulin resistance is a key part of this and overtime the body stops producing insulin
Type 2 diabetes
What is the step 1 tx of Type 2 diabetes?
step 2?
Step 3?
- lifestyle + metformin
- Lifestyle + metformin + basal insulin, Lifestyle + metformin + sulfonylurea
- lifestyle + metformin + intestive insulin
What are the lifestyle changes that shoud be implemented in diabetic patients?
- 120 min/week moderate exercise (walking, 900-1000 kcal/week)
- decreased total kcal intake by 450 kcal/d
- 5% weight loss or 8.8 pounds over 3 yrs
The lifestyle modifications recommended for diabetic patients are recommended for both types. T or F
T
The recommendation is to reinforce lifestyle modifaction at (blank) visit
every
What are the goals of medical nutrition therapy?
- achieve/maintain BG levels in normal range, a lipid and lipoprotein profile that reduces risk fo vascular disease, and BP levels in normal range
- prevent or slow rate of development and treat chronic complications of DM by modifying nutrient intake/lifestyle
- improve health with healthy food choices/ physical activity
- address individual nutritions needs, with personal/curltural preferences, lifestyle, and willingness/ability to change in consideration
What are the macronutrient recommendations?
Carb: 45-65% of calories
consistency is important!
Protein- 15-20% of calories, more is okay if weight loss is needed and kidney function is normal
Fat: 25-35% of calories, 7-10% of calories from sat fat.
Choelsterol 200-300 mg/day
How should you eat carbs?
Spread out the total amount of carbohydrates evenly throughout the day and be consistent!
Carb count
Where are carbs found?
Starches Fruit Milk and yogurt Beans and legumes Sweets/desserts, etc (even sugar-free products)
1 servin of a CHO food contains (blank) grams of CHOs. Also known as CHO choice or CHO serving
15
What amount contains 15 grams of CHOs?
(blank) ounce slice of bread
(blank) of popcorn
(blank) of oatmeal
(blank) of milk
(blank) of orange juice
(blank) small banana
(blank) of raisins
(blank) of beans or corn
(blank) of cooked pasta or rice
1 ounce 3 cups ½ cup 8 oz 4 oz ½ 2 tablespoons ½ cup 1/3 cup
Fiber – At least (blank) grams of fiber/ serving, subtract ½ of the fiber grams from total carbohydrates
5
To start, aim for (blank) CHO servings per meal for women and (blank)
CHO servings per meal for men
3-4
4-5
3-4 CHO servings is equal to (blank) grams
4-5 CHO servings is equal to (blank) grams
45-60
60-75
What are the blood sugar goals preprandial?
1-2 hours after a meal?
A1c level?
70-130
less than 140 or 180
less than 7 or 6.5
(blank) vegetables are considered “free” foods and can be ocnsumed in large portions to fill them up
non-starchy
How many calories should a diabetic consume? How many servings of carbs?
1400
12 CHO=180 grams of CHO
How much protein should a diabetic eat?
15-20% of daily energy intake (with normal renal function)
Protein has been shown to have a minimal influence on glycemic response with an acute effect on insulin secretion, including postprandial blood sugars
