Nutrition, diet etc.

Question 1

Malnutrition

Answer 1

Lack of nutrition

Question 2

Balanced diet

Answer 2

Diet consisting of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water

Question 3

Marasmus

Answer 3

Lack of food substances to provide energy

Question 4

Carbohydrates

Answer 4

Starch, sugar, cellulose, for energy

Question 5

Starch

Answer 5

Found in bread, potatoes, cereals, and other plant-based substances

Question 6

Sugar

Answer 6

Milk, fruits, candy, sweets

Question 7

Fats

Answer 7

Fatty acids (saturated, unsaturated), to store energy

Question 8

Fats obtained from animals

Answer 8

Butter, lard

Question 9

Fats obtained from plants

Answer 9

Sunflower oil, corn oil, margarine

Question 10

Proteins

Answer 10

Egg, Milk, Meat, for growth and repair

Question 11

Essential amino acids

Answer 11

Amino acids that cannot be made and must be present in the diet

Question 12

Water factors

Answer 12

Essential for life, some of it contained in solid foods

Question 13

Minerals

Answer 13

Sodium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, flourine, to keep the body healthy

Question 14

Sodium

Answer 14

Contained in salts, helps nerves to transmit messages, people loose salt when they sweat, too much causes high blood pressure

Question 15

Calcium

Answer 15

For hardening bones and teeth, contained in milk, cheese, and fish

Question 16

Phosphorus

Answer 16

is in cell membrane, present in most foods

Question 17

Iron

Answer 17

contained in haemoglobin, small amounts of it in water

Question 18

Iodine

Answer 18

needed in small quantities, present in drinking water, and sea foods, needed for making thyroxine

Question 19

Rickets

Answer 19

deforming of bones from lack of calcium

Question 20

Anemia

Answer 20

lack of iron in haemoglobin

Question 21

Goitre

Answer 21

when thyroid doesn’t produce enough thyroxine, causing the neck to swell

Question 22

Flourine

Answer 22

seems to prevent tooth decay, contained in most drinking water

Question 23

Vitamins

Answer 23

Collection of organic substances, control chemical reactions, to be used properly they need to be dissolved, to keep the body healthy

Question 24

Vitamin A

Answer 24

important for the eyes, found in fish liver oil, carrots, red pepper, mangos

Question 25

Night blindness

Answer 25

Hard to see in dim light because of lack of vitamin A

Question 26

Vitamin B

Answer 26

Helps the process of energy production

Question 27

Berri-berri

Answer 27

Lack of vitamin B, contained in rice, B₂ is contained in leafy vegetables, eggs, and fish

Question 28

Vitamin C

Answer 28

Keeps epithelial wealthy, found in green vegetables like lemons, citrus etc. destroyed by heating.

Question 29

Scurvy

Answer 29

Lack of vitamin c

Question 30

Vitamin D

Answer 30

is a fat soluble, lack of vitamin D develops rickets, found in fish liver oil. Too much of it causes bones to be calcified.

Question 31

Vitamin E

Answer 31

is a fat soluble, found in milk and eggs yolk, and a wide variety of plant foods, lack of it in animal’s causes sterility.

Question 32

Vitamin K

Answer 32

is a fat soluble, found in vegetables, especially spinach, helps with blood to clot.

Question 33

Vegeterian

Answer 33

A person who eats only plant-based foods but not meat, life style can be healthy with dairy products included.

Question 34

Vegan

Answer 34

People who only eat plant-base, no animals or animal produced products (eggs, milk etc.)

Question 35

Food additives

Answer 35

Chemical substances added to food, they can sweeten, add colour etc. Some people may be allergic to them.

Question 36

Benedict’s test

Answer 36

Solution contains copper sulfate, sodium citrate, and sodium carbonate. The Cu ions give it a clear blue colour. 2cm cubed is used for the solution.

Question 37

Types of additives

Answer 37

Preservatives, Flavourings, colouring, bulking agents

Question 38

Danger list

Answer 38

E102 tatrazine, E124, E110 sunset yellow, E122 camoisine, E104 quioline yellow

Question 39

Preservatives

Answer 39

Sodium nitrate, sulphur dioxide

Question 40

Sodium nitrate

Answer 40

Added to cured meat: bacon etc. Prevents bacteria growth

Question 41

Sulphur dioxide

Answer 41

Added to jams, fruit juices, beer, wine, dried fruit. Suppresses growth of bacteria and fungi

Question 42

Falvourings

Answer 42

Monosodium glutamate (MSG), sugar

Question 43

Monosodium glutamate

Answer 43

Made from sugar-beet pulp, flavour enhancer

Question 44

Sugar

Answer 44

Found in cakes and biscuits, tinned vegetables, instant baby food cereal etc.