Nutrition Chapter 44

Question 1

Variables influencing nutrition include:

Answer 1

growth and developmental consideration, gender, ethnicity and culture, beliefs about food, personal preferences, religious practices, lifestyle, economics, medications and therapy, health, alcohol, advertising, psychologic factors

Question 2

Aspiration precautions include:

Answer 2

30 minute rest before/after eating, sit upright (slightly flex head to chin down position), ry different consistecies of food/fluids, levels of dysphagia diet, four levels of liquid

Question 3

Puree, mechanically altered, advanced, and regular food are:

Answer 3

the 4 levels of dysphagia diet

Question 4

4 levels of liquid diet are:

Answer 4

thin, nectarlike, honeylike, spoon thick

Question 5

The thinner the liquid, the easier it can:

Answer 5

aspirate and go in the lungs

Question 6

Dyphagia refers to

Answer 6

difficulty swallowing

Question 7

The skill of assessing a patient’s risk for aspiration ___ be delegated to NAP

Answer 7

CANNOT

Question 8

Enteral tube feeding (EN) is ___

Answer 8

delivering nutrients straight through the GI tract via NG insertion, nasointestinal tube, gastronomy tube, jejunostomy tube, and PEG/PEJ tube

Question 9

Nutrition provided through IV is __

Answer 9

parenteral feeding (PN)

Question 10

NG insertion (nasogastric) is through the ___

Answer 10

nose

Question 11

Gastronomy tube is ___

Answer 11

surgical- for long term feedings more than 4 weeks

Question 12

Jejunostomy tube is ___

Answer 12

surgical

Question 13

Enterbal tube feeding (EN) is used when

Answer 13

Pt is unable to ingest food but can digest and absorb nutritients (unable to swallow or take in nutrients but has a functioning GI tract)

Question 14

Parenteral feeding is used when

Answer 14

enteral feedings can’t be absorbed e.g.: sepsis, head injury, burns

Question 15

Continuous enteral tube feedings start

Answer 15

continuous feeds slow @ full strength, increase hourly rate 30-60-ml q8-12 h IF no signs of intolerance

Question 16

Intermittent enteral tube feedings start

Answer 16

full strength 150-250 ml x1 fdg, increase 50 ml/fdg/day

Question 17

Nursing screening is done by ___

Answer 17

combining multiple objective measures with subjective measures, laboratory and biochemical tests, anthropometry

Question 18

Objective measures include:

Answer 18

height, weight, weight changes, primary diagnosis, othe co-morbidities, physical examination

Question 19

Subejective measures include:

Answer 19

dietary habits, food preferances

Question 20

Main lab values to monitor when taking lab tests include:

Answer 20

CBC, Albumin, Transferrin, electrolytes, BUN, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, retinol binding protein

Question 21

Anthropometry includes taking:

Answer 21

height (standing) or length (supine), weight (serial measurements more useful, weighed at same time each day with same scale same clothing, daily weight gains= fluid shift), BMI (body mass index), MAC (mid-upper arm circumference), TSF (triceps skin fold), MAMC (mid upper arm muscle circumference)

Question 22

The skill of inserting a small bore nasoenteric tube ____ be delegated to NAP.

Answer 22

CANNOT

Question 23

The skill of administering enteral tube feeding via a nasoenteric, gastronomy, or jejunostomy ___ be delegated to NAP after the tube placement is verified by the nurse.

Answer 23

CAN

Question 24

Older adults often experience a ___ in taste cells that alters food flavor and may ___ intake.

Answer 24

decrease, decrease

Question 25

Anthropometry is :

Answer 25

a measurement system of the size and make up of the body.

Question 26

Dysphagia refers to __-

Answer 26

difficulty swallowing