Nutrition Ch1 Flashcards
Chapter One
Nutrition
The science of food and its relationship to health
Health
The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or sickness
Anemia
The most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide
Primary Prevention
The implementation of practices that are likely to avert the occurrence of disease
Secondary Prevention
The establishment of monitoring techniques to discover diseases early enough to provide the opportunity to control their effects.
Tertiary Pervention
The use of treatment techniques after a disease has occurred to prevent complications or to promote maximum adaptation
Nutrients
The chemical substances supplied by food that the body needs for growth, maintenance, and repair
Essential Nutrient
One that the human body requires but cannot manufacture in sufficient amounts to meet bodily needs
Nonessential Nutrients
Not needed in the diet because the body can make them from other substances
Conditionally Essential Nutrients
Under most circumstances, a healthy body can manufacture in sufficient quantities. In certain situations of physiological status or disease, the body cannot produce optimal amounts
Metabolism
The sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place in the body
Energy
The capacity to do work
Energy Nutrients
Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins (nutrients that supply energy)
Kilocalories
Abv. Kcal
Measurement of energy in both food and in the body
Phytochemical
Physiologically active substances from plants
