Nutrition assessment 1

Question 1

Why is nutrition assessment of the population done?

Answer 1

Surveillance/Screening

• to identify ‘at risk’ groups or individuals
• inform policy

Clinical
- monitor changes in nutritional management

Research

Question 2

Who needs nutritional assessment

Answer 2

Everyone

Question 3

Why are healthy people still assessed for nutrition

Answer 3

Monitoring

Question 4

Define anthropometry

Answer 4

The scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human body

Question 5

The scientific study of measurements and proportions of the human body

Answer 5

Anthropometry

Question 6

What are four applications of Anthropometry

Answer 6

Identify a person’s health risk, and ideal state

Monitor changes in body composition

Assess effectiveness of nutrition/ exercise interventions

Formulate recommendations and prescriptions

Question 7

List some examples of Commercial use of anthropometric techniques in everyday life

Answer 7

Airports : hand geometry, iris
FacePass: Face geometry
Grocery store payment: fingerprint

Question 8

What factors determine the method of anthropometry used in assessment

Answer 8

Health status
Age
Patient compliance
Number of participants 
Time available for assessment 
Precision and accuracy required
Single or Multiple occasions

Question 9

List some short term variations in body proportions

Answer 9

Loss of stature & increase in abdominal and calf circumference with prolonged standing (1-2cm in a day)

Day to day or monthly variablity of weight

• intake and elimination of food and water
• menstruation/ fluid retention

Question 10

What measurement is taken for stature of age 2 yrs and older

Answer 10

Height

Question 11

What measurement is taken for stature for age 2 and younger

Answer 11

Length

Question 12

What is the usefulness of taking height and length measurements

Answer 12

Relate the height with age to Screen for growth stunting

Test BMI in association with weight

Question 13

What is body weight used to assess

Answer 13

Overall weight

Question 14

List four circumferences taken during assessment of the individual

Answer 14

Head
MUAC (mid upper arm)
Waist (and hip)
Chest

Question 15

Taking the circumference of the head of children helps to monitor

Answer 15

Brain growth

Malnutrition

Question 16

Taking the circumference of the mid upper arm MUAC of children helps to monitor

Answer 16

Malnutrition

Question 17

Taking the circumference of the mid upper arm MUAC of adults helps to monitor

Answer 17

Wasting change

Question 18

Taking the circumference of the waist helps to monitor

Answer 18

Obesity

Question 19

Taking the circumference of the chest helps to determine

Answer 19

Ling capacity

Question 20

When measuring circumferences what type of tape is used

Answer 20

Flexible
Non stretchable
Fibreglass tape

Question 21

List the steps to taking circumferences

Answer 21

• Flexible, non stretchable, fibreglass tape used
• measure on right side of body
• tape should be snug, slightly compressed (not tight)
• Tape usually placed horizontally and parallel to the floor

Question 22

What is the simplest measure for assessing abdominal obesity in adults

Answer 22

Waist Circumferences

Question 23

What are some uses of Mid upper arm circumference

Answer 23

Used for determining BP cuff size

Question 24

What is the importance of taking head circumference

Answer 24

Important for detecting abnormalities of head growth

Appropriate for children up to 36 months

Useful indicator up to five yrs

Question 25

What are the sites of skinfolds

Answer 25

``` Biceps Triceps Subscapular suprailiac Chest Thigh Calf ```

Question 26

What is the purpose of assessment of skinfold

Answer 26

Determines % subcutaneous body fat

Question 27

List four precautions to take during skinfold assessment

Answer 27

Some folds exceed the limit of the calipers Do not include muscle with the fold Calipers easily damaged Large inter and intra observer variability if skinfold sites not carefully identified

Question 28

What is Bioelectrical Impedance

Answer 28

A substitute or supplement to conventional anthropometry

Question 29

What is the importance of assessing diet in Nutritional Assessments

Answer 29

Measures food consumption Helps in understanding the diet-health relationship Identifies 1st stage of nutritional deficiency Forms the base for nutrition education

Question 30

What is a 24 hour recall in nutrition assessment

Answer 30

Measure of an individual’s food intake over a 24hr period

Question 31

What are three methods for keeping track of food intake

Answer 31

Weighed Diet Calorie Count Food Records

Question 32

Food Record is one method of keeping track of food consumed | Describe it

Answer 32

Written record of all food consumed Done by patient, caregiver etc Requires follow- up by trained personnel

Question 33

Calorie Count is one method of keeping track of food consumed Describe it

Answer 33

Record or actual amounts ingested at each meal

Question 34

Weighed Diet is one method of keeping track of food consumed | Describe it

Answer 34

Portions of food are weighed | Food is prepared in house

Question 35

What are four limitations of recall methods

Answer 35

Depends on memory Requires knowledge of foods , quantity estimtion, nutrient composition Underestimate/overestimate intake Cannot determine food habits