Nutrition And the Life Cycle Flashcards
Nutrional Requirement
( Infancy )
It signifies the GRADUAL CHANGE from ALL MIL DIET TO ONE including a wide variety of foods.
WEANING
Start of WEANING
6 months- introduction of SOLID FOODS
4-5 months - solid foods should NOT be given to a child
Introduction of solid foods
6 months
Soild foods should not be given to a child
4-5 months
How to introduce new foods
- Give HALF TEASPOONFUL of the prepared new foods on the first occasion.
- Give the new food BEFORE BREAST or BOTTLE FEEDING
- The second trial of the new food SHOULD BE GIVEN A DAY or SO LATER and the quantity INCREASED TO ONE TEASPOONFUL.
4.the amount and the variety of new foods SHOULD BE INCREASED “slowly” until ACCUSTOMED TO THEIR FLAVOR AND CONSISTENCY.
Food Guide for Infants
1.cereal
2.fruit
3.juice
4.vegetables/greens
5.soups
6.legumes
7.rice
8.cooked food
9.eggs
10. Animal protein / meat
Nutrional Requirements for
Toddlers and Pre- Schoolers
1.ENERGY
2.PROTEIN
3.VITAMINS AND MINERALS
Most critical and danverous in the growth of the child.
The period between 1 to 3 and 4 to 6 years
Sign of Good Nutrition
( Toddlers and Pre- Schoolers )
- Alert, Vigorous and happy
- Endurance during activity
- Sleeps well
- Normal weight and height for age
- Stands erect arms leg straight
6.Clear bright eyes , smooth and healthy skin lustrous hair - Fiem and well- develop muscles.
- Good attention
Toddlers ans Pre- schoolers
( Feeding Problems and Disorders )
- Food Jagging
- Dawding
- Gagging
- Appetite is Variable ans his behavior Capricious.
Eating TOO LITTLE and very LIMITED NUMBER of foods
Food Jagging
The children linger or plays with his food during meal times.
DAWDLING
The child feels like VOMITING
Gagging
Food Jagging
Encourage the use of VARIETY OF FOODS
DAWDLING
Check on the child , he might not be feeling well and the food given to him is too large.
GAGGING
Encourage the child to feed himself in a well VENTILATED PLACE.
Toddlers and Pre- Schoolers
(COMMON PROBLEMS AND DISORDERS)
- Diarrhea
2.Constipation
3.Food Allergy
4.Hyperactivity
5.Dental Caries - Protein Energy Malnutrition
- Pica
The SCHOOL AGE years is generally consideres to be _______
7 - 12 years
Children need more nutritious foods in proportion to their weight than do adults because of _______
Developing of bones , teeth, muscles and blood.
School - Age Nutrional Requirements
- ENERGY
- PROTEINS
3.VITAMINS AND MINERALS - FLUIDS
Factors Influencing Food Intake in “SCHOOL AGE”
- Family
- Peers
- Schools
- Societal Trends
- Media
FEEDING TIPS FOR “SCHOOL - AGE”
- Liberal amounts of body building energy and regulating foods in each meal.
- Proteins, minerals, vitamins, and energy.
- Nutritious snacks.
- Home packed lunches.
- The child should be given experience in foods selection but the parents should provide guidance.
- Incorporate milk ( custard, pudding, ice cream )
7.
School age “ sign of GOOD nutrition”
- Well- develop body
2.Good posture - Healthy Skin
- Smooth and glossy Hair
- Clear eyes
- Alert Facial Expression
- Good Digestion and Elimination
- Food Appetite
Adolescence age
13 - 19 years old
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING ADOLESCENTS “ 10-12 YEARS OLD”
Aware of Peer relationship, starts to be CONSCIOUS OF THE BODY PARTS
There is MORE PRESSURE , INDEPENDENCE from parents and LESS TRUSTFUL for adults and significant COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING ADOLESCENTS “ 13- 15 years old”
He / she ESTABLISHED A BODY IMAGE; definitely shows INDEPENDENCE; MAKE PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
16 - 19 years old
NUTRIONAL NEEDS OF ADOLESCENCE
- Proteins
2 . Carbohydrates - Vitamins
- Water
Adolescence
More CALCIUM and IRON on DIET must be supplied.
________ IS IMPORTANT IN BONE FORMATION AND IRON IS IMPORTANT IN MAINTAINING A CONSTANT CONCENTRATION OF HEMOGLOBIN IN THE BLOOD.
Calcium and Iron
More IODINE must be supplied in the diet in the form of iodized salt to compensate for the increased thyroid activity associated with growth
IODINE
They also need more ________ & ______ due to higher energy expenditure.
BODY BUILDING AND ENERGY GIVING- FOODS
Acne and Pimples
Fatty / Sweet Junk Foods
Adolescence Feeding Problems during Adolescence
- Omitting breakfasr
- Junk Foods
- Frequent snacking of food-follow food fads
Period of life when one has ATTAINED FULL GROWTH and MATURITY.
ADULTHOOD
Adulthood pertains to the years between ages
21 - 50 years without stresses.
PROPER NUTRITION needs emphasis in ADULTHOOD , since _________
IT IS THE LONGEST PERIOD OF LIFE AND POSSIBLY THE PEAK REPRODUCTIVE YEARS.
Adult / Energy “ Nutrional Management”
- Maintenance of the DBW
Overweight and obesity increases the chance of developing CHRONIC DISORDERS associated with
AGING LIKE, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
Factors Affecting Adequate Feeding “ELDERLY”
- Psychological Factors
● loss of relative
● loss of job
● sexual attractiveness
● threat of death
● loss of vision and hearing
GUIDELINE IN FEEDING THE “ELDERLY”
- PROTECTIVE FOODS
- MASHED, CHOPPEDZ TENDER VEGETABLES, FRUITS AND WHOLE GRAIN ( FOR NO TEETH or POOR DENTURES )
- MILK ( BREAKFAST CEREAL )
- SMALL FREQUENR FEEDINGS OF EASY DIGEST FOODS.
5.CONSIDED THE WEATHER - FINGER FOODS
- AVOID SEASONED FOODS
8.ENCOURAGE PLAIN DRINKING WATER - POOR ORAL HYGIENE = POOR NUTRITION
- LOSS OF TASTE SENSATION MAKES FOOD LESS APPEALING THUS THE ELDER WILL EAT LESS.
ELDERLY
MILK IS IMPORTANT DIET FOR ELDERLY BEFORE BED ( INDUCE SLEEP)
AVOUD FATTY MEATS AND FISH , DRIED FOODS , GRAVIES , SAUCES AND RICH DESSERTS
