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FBS1 > Nutrition and Metabolism > Flashcards

Nutrition and Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

Protein should comprise what proportion of our diet?

A

15-20%

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2
Q

What name is given to the bonds between phosphate groups in ATP?

A

Phosphoanhydride

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3
Q

Which enzyme catalyses the formation of pyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate?

A

Pyruvate kinase

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4
Q

How many protein complexes (excluding ATP synthase) make up the ETC?

A

4

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5
Q

Deficiency of which vitamin causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

A

Thiamin

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6
Q

For a 12 carbon fatty acid, how many β-oxidation cycles are undergone and how many acetyl-CoA molecules are formed?

A

5 & 6

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7
Q

McArdle’s disease is caused by a deficiency of which enzyme?

A

Glycogen phosphorylase

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8
Q 
A child is 65% of average weight and has oedema; which of these conditions do they suffer from?  
A) Marasmus 
B) Pellagra  
C) Kwashiorkor   
D) Marasmic-Kwashiorkor
A

Kwashiorkor

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9
Q

A deficiency in lipoprotein lipase will lead to?

A

Increase in chylomicrons in blood

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10
Q

Subject consumes 500g of glucose every day for a few days, then stops eating altogether. When would urea production be at its highest?
After 24 hours, 4 days, 1 week, 40 days?

A

24 hours

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11
Q

Why is lipoprotein (a) a risk factor for CVD?

A

Inhibits breakdown of fibrin clots

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12
Q

Why does muscle protein breakdown slow after a few days of starvation?

A

Brain uses ketone bodies

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13
Q

Which vitamin is needed as a coenzyme for transamination + deamination reactions?

A

Pyrodoxine

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14
Q

Which vitamin is needed as a coenzyme for reaction pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

A

Thiamin

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15
Q

Which type of glc transporter is found on pancreatic beta cells?

A

GLUT 2

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16
Q

Which is not a risk factor for obesity?

A

Smoking

17
Q

Which hormone is secreted from stomach Parietal cells + signals hunger?

A

Ghrehlin

18
Q

Which hormone inhibits secretion of insulin?

A

Adrenaline

19
Q

Which change in blood profile would be caused by deficiency/ mutation of apoprotein C-II

A

Increase in triacylglycerol concentration

20
Q

Which apoprotein is necessary for lipoprotein remnant uptake by liver?

A

Apo E

21
Q

Which apoprotein activates lipoprotein lipase?

A

Apo C-II

22
Q

What property do vitamins A, C and E have in common?

A

They are antioxidants

23
Q

What percentage of energy content of British diet is fat?

A

40%

24
Q

What is energy content of alcohol in kcal/g?

A

7 (4 in carbs, 5.4 in proteins)

25
Q

What is wichtig criterion of normailty for a gluclose tolerance test?

A

Blood glc returns to normal fasting level by 2 hours

26
Q

What do DoH dietary recommendations actually recommend?

A

EAR + 2 S.D

27
Q

Pernicious anaemia results from deficiency of?

A

Intrinsic factor

28
Q

Long term antibiotic therapy can lead to deficiency of?

A

VItamin K

29
Q

Insulin inhibits activity of this enzyme involved in fat metabolism?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase

30
Q

How many people in a society would get sufficient amount of a nutrient of they consumed EAR?

A

50%

31
Q

How does Akt/PKB inhibit hormone sensitive lipase in adipocytes?

A

It phosphorylates + activates phosphodiesterase

32
Q

How does B12 deficiency create a functional folate deficiency?

A

X allow removal of methyl group from MeTHF

33
Q

Haemorrhagic disease of newborn is due to deficiency of?

A

Vitamin K

34
Q

For food to be called light/lite, it must have?

A

Less of energy than a food it is compared to, less of fat than food it is compared to, 1/2 salt of a food it is compared to

35
Q

Familial hypercholesterolaemia is caused by mutation in which protein?

A

B-100 receptor

36
Q

British group of which origin has highest incidence of strokes, diabetes and hypertension?

A

South Asia

FBS1 (5 decks)

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