Nutrition and Metabolism

Question 1

Protein should comprise what proportion of our diet?

Answer 1

15-20%

Question 2

What name is given to the bonds between phosphate groups in ATP?

Answer 2

Phosphoanhydride

Question 3

Which enzyme catalyses the formation of pyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate?

Answer 3

Pyruvate kinase

Question 4

How many protein complexes (excluding ATP synthase) make up the ETC?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

Deficiency of which vitamin causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

Answer 5

Thiamin

Question 6

For a 12 carbon fatty acid, how many β-oxidation cycles are undergone and how many acetyl-CoA molecules are formed?

Answer 6

5 & 6

Question 7

McArdle’s disease is caused by a deficiency of which enzyme?

Answer 7

Glycogen phosphorylase

Question 8

A child is 65% of average weight and has oedema; which of these conditions do they suffer from?  
A) Marasmus 
B) Pellagra  
C) Kwashiorkor   
D) Marasmic-Kwashiorkor

Answer 8

Kwashiorkor

Question 9

A deficiency in lipoprotein lipase will lead to?

Answer 9

Increase in chylomicrons in blood

Question 10

Subject consumes 500g of glucose every day for a few days, then stops eating altogether. When would urea production be at its highest?
After 24 hours, 4 days, 1 week, 40 days?

Answer 10

24 hours

Question 11

Why is lipoprotein (a) a risk factor for CVD?

Answer 11

Inhibits breakdown of fibrin clots

Question 12

Why does muscle protein breakdown slow after a few days of starvation?

Answer 12

Brain uses ketone bodies

Question 13

Which vitamin is needed as a coenzyme for transamination + deamination reactions?

Answer 13

Pyrodoxine

Question 14

Which vitamin is needed as a coenzyme for reaction pyruvate to acetyl CoA?

Answer 14

Thiamin

Question 15

Which type of glc transporter is found on pancreatic beta cells?

Answer 15

GLUT 2

Question 16

Which is not a risk factor for obesity?

Answer 16

Smoking

Question 17

Which hormone is secreted from stomach Parietal cells + signals hunger?

Answer 17

Ghrehlin

Question 18

Which hormone inhibits secretion of insulin?

Answer 18

Adrenaline

Question 19

Which change in blood profile would be caused by deficiency/ mutation of apoprotein C-II

Answer 19

Increase in triacylglycerol concentration

Question 20

Which apoprotein is necessary for lipoprotein remnant uptake by liver?

Answer 20

Apo E

Question 21

Which apoprotein activates lipoprotein lipase?

Answer 21

Apo C-II

Question 22

What property do vitamins A, C and E have in common?

Answer 22

They are antioxidants

Question 23

What percentage of energy content of British diet is fat?

Answer 23

40%

Question 24

What is energy content of alcohol in kcal/g?

Answer 24

7 (4 in carbs, 5.4 in proteins)

Question 25

What is wichtig criterion of normailty for a gluclose tolerance test?

Answer 25

Blood glc returns to normal fasting level by 2 hours

Question 26

What do DoH dietary recommendations actually recommend?

Answer 26

EAR + 2 S.D

Question 27

Pernicious anaemia results from deficiency of?

Answer 27

Intrinsic factor

Question 28

Long term antibiotic therapy can lead to deficiency of?

Answer 28

VItamin K

Question 29

Insulin inhibits activity of this enzyme involved in fat metabolism?

Answer 29

Hormone sensitive lipase

Question 30

How many people in a society would get sufficient amount of a nutrient of they consumed EAR?

Answer 30

50%

Question 31

How does Akt/PKB inhibit hormone sensitive lipase in adipocytes?

Answer 31

It phosphorylates + activates phosphodiesterase

Question 32

How does B12 deficiency create a functional folate deficiency?

Answer 32

X allow removal of methyl group from MeTHF

Question 33

Haemorrhagic disease of newborn is due to deficiency of?

Answer 33

Vitamin K

Question 34

For food to be called light/lite, it must have?

Answer 34

Less of energy than a food it is compared to, less of fat than food it is compared to, 1/2 salt of a food it is compared to

Question 35

Familial hypercholesterolaemia is caused by mutation in which protein?

Answer 35

B-100 receptor

Question 36

British group of which origin has highest incidence of strokes, diabetes and hypertension?

Answer 36

South Asia