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Health Science > Nutrition And Metabolism > Flashcards

Nutrition And Metabolism Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the macronutrients?

A

Carbs
Lipids
Proteins

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1
Q

What are the 6 essential nutrients?

A 
Carbohydrates 
Lipids 
Proteins 
Vitamins
Minerals 
Water
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2
Q

What are the micronutrients?

A

Vitamins
Minerals
Water

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3
Q

Metabolism

A

All chemical reactions performed by the body and the energy released or absorbed in the process

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4
Q

Catabolism

A

Catabolic reactions BREAK DOWN NUTRIENTS (food) into simpler molecules and RELEASE ENERGY

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5
Q

Anabolism

A

Anabolic reaction USES ENERGY(ATP) to build new living tissue

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6
Q

The four requirements of a healthy diet

A

Adequate- provide nutrients, energy
Moderate- enough for you, right amount for proper weight
Balanced-correct amounts of certain foods and nutrients
Varied-different foods each day

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7
Q

What four pieces of info are on a nutrition label

A

Nutrition facts
Ingredient list
Nutrition claims
Health claims

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8
Q 
How many servings of 
Fruit and veg 
Grain
Milk and alt 
Meat and alt 
Do I need?
A

7
6
3-4
2

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9
Q

What is a portion?

A

How much you eat in one sitting

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10
Q

What is a serving size?

A

The amount the Canadian food guide says you should be eating daily

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11
Q

Nutrition density

A

The relative amount of nutrients per calorie of food

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12
Q

What are the recommended daily % of carbs, proteins, and lipids

A

Carbs-45-65%
Protein- 10-35 %
Fats- 20-35%

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13
Q

BMI

A

Body Mass Index

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14
Q

Is BMI a good measurement of health?

A

No because muscle weighs more then fat

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15
Q

High carb foods

A

Bread
Pasta
Potatoes

16
Q

Monosaccharides-simple

A

Glucose-preferred source of energy
Fructose
Galactose-does not occur in foods alone
C6H12O6

17
Q

Disaccharide- simple

A

Lactose
Maltose
Sucrose

C12H22O11

18
Q

Polysaccharide-complex

A

Starch
Glycogen
Fiber(cellulose)
All made from glucose

19
Q

Insulin

A

Secreted from the pancreas

Helps lower blood sugar levels

20
Q

Glucagon

A

Secreted from the pancreas

Helps blood sugar levels rise up

21
Q

Hypoglycaemia

A

Low blood sugar

22
Q

Gluconeogenosis

A

The generation of glucose from proteins

23
Q

Ketoacidosis

A

Very acidic blood from high keton levels

24
Q

Glycemic index

A

The measure of a foods ability to raise blood-glucose levels

25
Q

What is a main characteristic of lipids?

A

They are insoluble in water

26
Q

What’s the difference between a fat and an oil?

A

Fat-solid lipids

Oils-liquid lipids

27
Q

Triglyceride

A

Molecules consisting of 3 fatty acids attached to a carbon glycerol backbone

Health Science (4 decks)

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