Nutrition and Lactation

Question 1

What is appropriate wt gain/loss in pregnancy for each BMI?

Answer 1

lbs/wk 
<18.5- 1.0 
18.5- 25 : 1.0
25-30 (obese) 0.6
30+ : 0.5

Do not loose wt in pregnancy

Question 2

What should all pregnant women be supplimented with?

Answer 2

Folic acid- decreased neural tube defects
Vitamin D- help maintain bone health
Vitamin C

Question 3

What should all pregnant women be avoid?

Answer 3

Alcohol
Caffeine
Unpasteurised
Vitamin A supplements- teratogenic in high doses

Question 4

Describe physiological process of lactation.

Answer 4

Suckling of the nipple causes:
Ant pit - prolactin –> lactotrophs–> milk production
Post pit - oxytocin –> myoepithelial cells–> milk secretion

Question 5

What are some potential issues with a delay or stopping breast feeding?

Answer 5

If not breast fed quickly then volume can decrease perminantly
If not breast fed then volume of milk produced decreases
Long term health affects: DM, obesity

Question 6

Describe the stages of breast milk.

Answer 6

Day 1-3 Colostrum:
Day 3-14 Transitional
Day 14+ Mature

Question 7

What are the benefits of colostrum?

Answer 7

High conc+ low volume = less strain on kidneys
WBCs+ Lactoferrin = less infection
Mild laxative to clear meconium

Question 8

What are the benefits of mature milk?

Answer 8

Decreases risk of infection -
IgA’s
Lysosymes - bacteriocidal coats the mouth.