Nutrition And Digestion Flashcards
What is nutrients?
the molecules that the body consumes in order for metabolism to occur smoothly and efficiently
What are teeth, different parts, and functions?
Food is torn and chewed by teeth
MECHANICAL DIGESTION
Incisors(front flat teeth), canine(right beside/for tearing), cuspids are next and last, molars at the back
What is Swallowing?
Swallowing occurs after teeth have chewed the food in the mouth and the salivary glands have added saliva to lubricate the broken up food. Then the bolus (Food that has been broken up) is swallowed and goes down the esophagus to the stomach.
Path of food through the Digestive system
The mouth is where the process of mechanical breaking down the food begins when chewing. The food is chemical broken down when it mixes with the saliva. Then to the Pharynx, this serves as a pathway from the mouth to the esophagus, and helps the function of swallowing. This is mechanical. The Esophagus then makes peristaltic movements move the food toward the stomach. Mechanically. The stomach then chemically breaks down food into chyme. Pepsin hydrolysis protein to smaller polypeptides. Small Intestine digests and absorbs nutrients and starches. The small intestine does these processes chemically. Pancreatic processes will help break up polypeptide. Further into oligopeptides. The Pancreas secretes pancreatic fluid into the small intestine, and it contains enzymes that digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The Large intestine dries out the indigestible food residue, and absorb water and salt. It also, chemically concentrates feces. Passes waste and water along to the rectum. Water soluble vitamins and water are absorbed, like Vitamin K. The Rectum the Stores waste and feces prior to elimination in a mechanical way.
Mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, and Absorption
Mechanical is (for example): the teeth in you mouth moving to break down food. Chemical is (For example): When the food is in your stomach and the acids break down your food. Absorption is (For example): When the food is in the large intestine and the water and salts are pulled out.
Anatomy and physiology.
Anatomy - refers to the parts of an organism.
Physiology - refers to the functions of the parts.
Energy and ATP and Cellular Respiration.
Measure of the ability of a body or system to do work or produce a change, expressed usually in joules or kilowatt hours.
ATP stands for Adenosine triphosphate and is for the body.
Cellular Respiration is the process that releases energy from food.
Disorders of digestion.
Gallstones: are hard deposits that form in your gallbladder. Small, pear-shaped sack that stores and secretes bile for digestion.
Haemorrhoids: are an inflammation of the blood vessels at the end of your digestive tract
