Nutrition and Alcohol Flashcards
3 routes of alcohol excretion?
lungs
sweat
urine
where is most of alcohol absorbed?
stomach
small intestine
where is the site of primary alcohol metabolism?
liver
does the liver store alcohol?
no
through which process is alcohol removed from the blood?
oxidation
when does BAC peak?
30-60 mins after consumption
why is metabolism of alcohol faster after a meal?
food slows gastric emptying, increases portal blood flow, slower absorption so increased first pass metabolism in liver
how does alcohol affect digestion?
decreased pancreatic enzyme and bile secretion
how does alcohol affect nutrient transport and storage?
decreased liver stores of vitamins because of increased excretion
what is thiamine important for in the body?
ATP production
nerve conduction
neural membrane maintenance
why do thiamine levels deplete in chronic alcoholism?
decreased conversion to co-enzyme, reduced storage, inhibited absorption
what symptoms does dry beriberi syndrome typically cause?
CNS issues: polyneuropathy, weakness, numbness in lower limbs etc
what symptoms does wet beriberi syndrome typically cause?
CVS issues: tachycardia, sob, cardiac failure
what causes beriberi syndrome?
thiamine deficiency
which of wernickes encephalopathy and korsakoff syndrome is reversible
wernickes encephalopathy
symptoms of korsakoff?
mental disorder causing amnesia and confabulation
symptoms of wernickes encephalopathy?
neurological: confusion, inability to coordinate voluntary movement, eye abnormalities
how can an alcoholic become blind at night?
vit a deficiency
name the 6 cancers that alcohol can increase the risk of
breast, bowel, liver, mouth/throat, oesphageal, stomach
which cancers are increased by drinking low levels of alcohol?
mouth, pharynx, larynx
which cancers are increased by drinking moderate levels of alcohol
bowel
which cancer is increased by drinking high levels of alcohol
liver
why can alcohol increase breast cancer risk
combined effect with oestrogen, carcinogenic breakdown products
