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Funds Test 2 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

A

energy needed to maintain life sustaining activities

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2
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Main source of energy

-Complex and simple saccarides

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3
Q

Protein

A

Amino acids

necessary for nitrogen balance

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4
Q

Fats

A

Calorie dense

saturated, polysaturated, monosaturated

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5
Q

Water

A

Necessary for all cell function

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6
Q

Vitamins

A

Essential for metabolism

Fat soluble & Water soluble

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7
Q

Minerals

A

Catalysts

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8
Q

Most essential nutrient for life

A

WATER

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9
Q

% of body weight in average adult

A

60-70%

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10
Q

Intracellular

A

2/3 of the total body water

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11
Q

Extracellular

A

1/3 of total body water

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12
Q

How much water is needed daily?

A

2200-2700ml

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13
Q

Is water a solvent?

A

Yes

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14
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

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15
Q

Dysphasia

A

Difficulty speaking

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16
Q

Indispensable protein

A

Body cant synthesize but you MUST have in your diet

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17
Q

Dispensable protein

A

synthesized, linked together

ex; insulin and albumin

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18
Q

Complete protein

A

Animal based

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19
Q

Incomplete protein

A

Plant based

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20
Q

Nitrogen balance

A

needed for repairing and replacing body tissue

21
Q

How much can 1lb of fat yield?

A

3500 calories

22
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

C, B complex

Excess excreted from body

23
Q

Fat soluble vitamins

A

A D E K

Not excreted, stored in liver, excess can be dangerous

24
Q

HDL

A

Good cholesterol

25
Q

LDL

A

Bad cholesterol

26
Q

Where are vitamins absorbed?

A

Through intestinal wall directly into bloodstream

27
Q

Sensible water loss

A

Urine

Measurable

28
Q

Insensible water loss

A

Sweat

Cant measure

29
Q

Risk factor for altered nutrition in the elderly?

A

Chewing or swallowing difficulties

Dentures not fitting properly

30
Q

Alcoholism

A

Interferes with absorption, irritates mucous, B complex specifically affected

31
Q

Anthropometry

A

measurement system of the body

Ideal body weight and BMI

32
Q

Diet history

A

24 hour recall
Recent changes
Normal food and fluid intake

33
Q

If patient is having difficulty swallowing..

A

Immediately make them NPO and call the doctor

34
Q

HCT blood test

A

Hydration status

35
Q

HgB and RBCs

A

Iron intake and folic acid

36
Q

Who should be weighed daily?

A

Patients on enteral or parental feedings

37
Q

What is the single most important indicator of fluid status?

A

Patient weight

38
Q

What is the best short term fluid monitoring technique

A

I&O measuring

39
Q

Age related nutrition risk factors

A

Slower metabolism
Decreased taste
Decreased peristalsis
Chewing and swallowing difficulties

40
Q

Feeding aspiration risk patients:

A

Sit bed up 90 degrees
Food on stronger side of mouth
Thickened fluids, no straw
Speech eval.

41
Q

Enteral Nutrition

A

Given directly into GI tract
Initially checked by Xray
Always check placement before feedings or meds
Start at slow rate then increase

42
Q

Complications of enteral feeding

A

Aspiration and increased glucose levels

43
Q

Parenteral Nutrition

A

Nutrients provided intravenously

Peripheral or central line

44
Q

Why would someone need Parenteral nutrition?

A

Unable to digest or absorb enteral nutrition.

Such as people with sepsis, head injury, burns, or chrohns disease

45
Q

Is the Parenteral tube sterile?

A

YES

goes right into the heart

46
Q

Optimal weight loss per week

A

2lbs

47
Q

Complications of parenteral and enteral nutrition

A

Diarrhea, increased blood sugar, nausea, dehydration

48
Q

Hold enteral tube feeding if residual is greater than

A

100mL

Funds Test 2 (5 decks)

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