Nutrition Flashcards
Percentage of recommended kcal
What must happen to measure BMR
What is BMI
Fat 30% carbs 60% proteins 10%
BMR person must have slept 8 to 12 hours and be fasting during time of testing inefficient all people different
BMRI weight kg/ height m^2
What is absorbed in duodenum vs ileum?
Duodenum folate, iron, Fats, sugars
Ileum Bile acids, B12
Steatorreah is a disease of what
Excess fat in stool, due to malabsorption or maldigestion of fat, celiac, IBS abetailpopteiniemia or decreased lipase activity, dismissed pancreatic function, also causes fat soluble vit. Have issues with absorption A,D,K, E
Issues associated w/ B1 Thiamine Deficiency
Coenzyme for enzymes for pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha keotgluterate dehydrogenase, transketolase for PPP pathway
Wernikies ataxia , Korskofs psychosis
Wet beriberi (muscle wasting disease) cardiac failure peripheral edema
Dry Beribeir muscle wasting, partial paralysis
Due to alcoholism
Riboflavin deficiencies (B 2)
Mouth disorders
Coenzyme for FAD,FMN
Corneal vascularization, magenta colored tongue, chilosis, sermatoitdis
B3 Niacin deficiencies
Coenzyme for NAD/NADP
Also can be due to Hartnups (inability to bring in non polar/neutral AA’s) b/c deficiency in tryptophan causes Niacin deficiency
Pellagra is what severe Niacin deficiency is diarrhea, dermatitis, death, dementia (4 D’s)
Panthothenoic Acid B5 deficiency
Synthesis of Co enzyme A, used in TCA cycle, FA synthesis
Required for acetylation and acylation
Dermatitis, alopecia, muscle cramps, adrenal insufficiency
Vitamins B 6 Pyridoxine deficiency
Sideroblastic Anemia due to issues with the enzymes required for heme, cannot be incorporated properly
Aminotransferase enzymes
Biotin (b7) deficiencies
Cofactors for caboxylation enzymes need for off chain FA systhesis,
Causes alopecia, rashes, bowl inflammation, muscle weakness
Caused by eating too many raw eggs
B9 Folic acid
Tetrahydrofolate: Required for transferring methyl group enzymes
Caused by deficiency in folate pool in pregnancy causes spina bifida
Clinical maifistatin homocysticanemia CV, DVT, Edema
B12 Cobalamin deficiencies
Used for Homocystine methyltransferase; methylmalony Co A mutase
Pernicous anemia most common cause of deficiency , removal of ileum,
Clinical manifestation megablastic anemia, homsystic anemia
Vitamin C (Asorbic Acid) deficiencies
Cofactor for collagen synthesis, dopamine to NE , encases Iron absorption in GI tract
Due to lack of fruits and green vegetables
Clinical scurvy
What is important about Vit D?
Vit D = calcitriol (1, 25 dihydroxy Vit D) most active form; aids in absorption of Ca2+ and PO4-
Deficiencies lead to rickets in children bowing of legs, beading of ribs
Adults more mild
