Nutrition Flashcards
ABCDE of nutritional assessment
Anthropometric Biochemical Clinical Dietary Economical/social
4 models of body composition
Weight
Fat free mass vs fat
Cell mass vs extracellular mass vs fat
Bone vs protein vs water vs fat
BMI calculation
weight in kg / height squared in m
Underweight BMI
<18.5 kg/m^2
Normal BMI
18.5 - 24.99 kg/m^2
Overweight BMI
25 - 29.99 kg/m^2
Obese BMI
> 30 kg/m^2
Waist to hip ratio guideline
> 0.8 in women
>1.0 in men
Waist circumference
> 88 cm in women
>102 cm in men
%weight loss calculation
(usual weight - current weight / usual weight) x 100
Measurements of anthropometry
Weight Height Rate of change Stature Circumferences etc.
Measurements of biochemistry
Nutrients in blood and urine
Check response to supplementation or intervention
Measurements of clinical
Signs and symptoms of deficiency and toxicity
Physiological performance and functional status
Cognitive status
Use of drugs
Triceps fold pinch
Pinch skin and fat when arm extended horizontally. Malnutrition indicated by very little space between folds
Measurements of dietary evaluation
Quality of diet
Estimation of dietary requirements
Use of supplements
Measurements of economical/social
Access to food - financially, physically, socially, culturally
Nutritional requirements in infancy are influenced by:
Growth
Functional capacity of organs
Metabolic activities
Breastfeeding
Ministry of Health and WHO recommend exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months
Completely meets nutritional and fluid needs of baby up to this age
Low contamination risk
Allows self regulation of feeding by infant
Encourages emotional attachment
Solid food benefit
Nutritional
Key for oral motor developments and gastrointestinal maturation
Social
Antigen exposure
