Nutrition

Question 1

for infant fats must be __ percent of caloric intake to meet growth requirements

Answer 1

more than 30%

Question 2

recommened to exclusively breast feed for first __ mo of life

Answer 2

6 mo

Question 3

T/F breastfeeding may delay ovulation leading to increase in spacing of children

Answer 3

true

Question 4

breast feeding reduces post partum bleeding by..

Answer 4

a release of oxytocin which leads to uterine contractions

Question 5

t/f breast feeding moms have lower rates of breast and ovarian cancers

Answer 5

true

Question 6

4 decreases in risks for moms who have breast feed for cumulative 12-23 months

Answer 6

decrease risk of HTN, hyperlipidemia, CVD and DM

Question 7

4 contraindications for breastfeeding

Answer 7

1. galactosemia (cant break galatose into glucose)
2. inborn errors of metabolism
3. HIV + moms in industrialized nations
4. mothers with herpes on breast, active TB unitl tx is started, illicit drug use or antimetbolite chemo

Question 8

3 main kinds of formula delivery

Answer 8

ready to feed - no water required

concentrate: mix water into equal parts
powder: mix with water

Question 9

3 indications for soy formula

Answer 9

Ige mediated cow milk pro allergy
galactosemia
vegan preference

Question 10

2 reasons not to use soy formula

Answer 10

cow milk protein enterocolitis / enteropathy

or if premie is less than 1800 g in weight

Question 11

diarrhea management with added soy fiber branded as

Answer 11

Isomil DF

helps with watery stools

Question 12

hypoallergenic formula def

Answer 12

a type of hydrolyzed protein formula where protein is broken down into small peptides and supplements with added amino acids

Question 13

t/f iron fortified infant milk is appropriate sub or supplement to breast feeding

Answer 13

True

Question 14

what are 3 supplements exclusively breast feed infants should have?

Answer 14

1. Vit D 400 IU/day start at birth
2. Fluoride at 6mo
3. Iron rich foods first introduced

Question 15

when can you add in solid foods?

Answer 15

btwn 4-6 mo
start with cereals, pureed fruits and veggies .. BUT

milk should be main source of caloric intake still

Question 16

T/F ok to introduce fish, eggs, nuts and seafood

Answer 16

TRUE at ages 4-6 mo

AVOID honey till 1yo

Question 17

for kids with severe eczema egg allergy or both..

Answer 17

do Ige test if negative introduce peanut containing foods at 4-6 mo

Question 18

if kid has mild to moderate eczema when can you introduce peanut foods?

Answer 18

around 6 mo

Question 19

for gluten avoid both early ___ mo and late __ introduction fo gluten

Answer 19

early less than 4 mo

late over 7 mo

Question 20

T/F introducing gluten while infant is breast fed may reduce risk for DM1, wheat allergy and celiac disease

Answer 20

true

Question 21

no juice in infants under ___ unless clinically indicated

Answer 21

1 yo

Question 22

juice limit for 1-3 yo

Answer 22

less than 4 oz per day

Question 23

juice limit for 4-6 yo

Answer 23

less than 6 oz per day

Question 24

juice limit for 7-18yo

Answer 24

less than 8 ounces per day

Question 25

when do you start transitioning diet with a cup?

Answer 25

9-12 mo

Question 26

caloric needs for 1-2 yo

Answer 26

only 100kcal/kg/day?

Question 27

start whole milk at age…

Answer 27

1yo

Question 28

when do food jags (preferences start to appear)

Answer 28

15mo

Question 29

2 ways to avoid iron anemia

Answer 29

avoid switch to whole milk at age 1yo

limit whole milk to 16 ounces / day after 1yo

Question 30

what four nutrients do adults not meet the RDA for?

Answer 30

calcium
vitamin A
vitamin C
iron

Question 31

__ percent of kids 2-20 are obese in the US

Answer 31

17%

Question 32

t/f maternal obesity during pregnancy increases risk for child obesity by 3-5 times

Answer 32

true

Question 33

when is kid at greates risk for undernutrition

Answer 33

inutero till age 2

Question 34

marasmus

Answer 34

not enough calories and nutrients

lose muscle mass and subcutaneous fat stores
skin is dry and thin, hair sparse

apathetic, weak, irritable when touched

Question 35

Kwashiorkor

Answer 35

not enough protein even though getting enough calories

sx: edema, atrophy muscle mass

Question 36

basic rule for treating malnutrition

Answer 36

SLOW

start with caloric intake 20% higher than current intake and then increase by 10-20% per day

Question 37

when to start BP screenings

Answer 37

at 3yo at each health visit ..sbp and dbp should be under 90th percentile

unless there is high risk situation then under 3 is needed

Question 38

2 dz with known HTN risk for peds

Answer 38

neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis

Question 39

when is pica a concern?

Answer 39

early childhood

Question 40

when to use Denver scale

Answer 40

9mo, 18 and 30 mo

or anytime parent / provider has developmental concern

Question 41

autisim screening ages

Answer 41

18,24, any time parent concern

CDC also says at 30 mo

Question 42

when to test for lead screening

Answer 42

12 mo, 24, and 36-72 if not tested earlier

Refugees upon arrival

Question 43

lipid screen at what ages

Answer 43

2, 3, 6, 8, 10, annually 11-21 yrs