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Adult 2 > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

LDL

A

Less than 130

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2
Q

HDL

A

More than 50

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3
Q

Triglycerides

A

Less than 150

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4
Q

Foods with low sodium

A

Brown rice, it has less than tomato slices

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5
Q

When to take nausea meds

A

60-90 mins before meal

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6
Q

How to decrease nausea

A

Eat foods at room temp, don’t moisten food

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7
Q

How can vegans get protein

A

Peanut butter

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8
Q

How much calories come from fat

A

1 gram of fat= 9 calories

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9
Q

How can Mexican food prep improve

A

Canola oil instead of lard

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10
Q

Cholelithiasis diet

A

Low fat

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11
Q

Kosher foods

A

No shellfish, no pork, CAN eat veggie salad with cheese but no meat with cheese

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12
Q

Priority with enteral feeds

A

Auscultate bowel sounds

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13
Q

Lactose free foods

A

Almond milk, dried beans and peas

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14
Q

Ileostomy diet

A

Eat on schedule

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15
Q

When to introduce new solid foods

A

Every 4-7 days

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16
Q

High fiber foods

A

Bran cereal, shredded wheat cereal

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17
Q

After diarrhea and clear liquid diet

A

White rice. No fiber

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18
Q

Intermittent gavage feeds

A

Give pacifier during feeds

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19
Q

What helps with night vision

A

Vitamin A

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20
Q

When can you stop TPN?

A

When oral diet is 60% of intake

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21
Q

Celiac disease diet

A

Gluten free, simple carbs, tapioca pudding

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22
Q

Foods containing gluten

A

Bran muffin, bread pudding, graham crackers

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23
Q

How to assign privileges to anorexic pt

A

Based on weight gain, rewards based on quantity of calories consumed

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24
Q

Somogyi phenomenon

A

Assess BG levels during night

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25
Q

Gastric bypass instructions

A

Begin each meal with a protein

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26
Q

High sodium foods

A

Roasted ham

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27
Q

Low sodium foods

A

Orange wedges, brown rice, tomato slices, fruit cocktail

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28
Q

What helps absorb calcium

A

Vitamin D

29
Q

Normal weight gain during pregnancy

A

Normal weight: 25-35 lbs
Overweight: 15-25 lbs
Underweight: 28-40

30
Q

Diverticulitis diet

A

Limit fiber intake during acute illness

31
Q

Diabetes food portions

A

1/2 vegetables
1/4 lean meat or protein
1/4 starch and bread
Milk/yogurt and fruit on the side

32
Q

How to feed impaired vision

A

You CAN feed more than one food at a time

33
Q

Lutein

A

In kale, spinach, collard, mustard greens

*slows progression of macular degeneration

34
Q

How long will it take to gain 2 lbs by eating an extra 250 calories a day?

A

4 weeks

35
Q

Low residue diet

A

Limits the amount of food in intestines.
Whole grains, fruits, seeds, or high fiber foods are BAD.
Egg and cheese omelet with banana is GOOD.

36
Q

Foods with folate

A

Chicken liver

37
Q

Complete proteins

A

Soy milk, ground meat, swiss cheese

NOT pinto beans

38
Q

Albumin

A

Reflects overall body protein status, detects kidney or liver dysfunction.

39
Q

Normal albumin range

A

3.5-5.0

40
Q

Normal prealbumin range

A

15-35

41
Q

MAOIs

A

Avoid foods containing tyramine: aged cheese, bananas, peanuts, avocados, salami
You CAN drink orange juice and blueberries

42
Q

Adequate fiber intake

A

Relieve/prevent constipation, NOT diarrhea, prevents hyperlipidemia

43
Q

How can a female pt control htn

A

Eat 4-5 servings of unsalted nuts per week.

44
Q

Beriberi with alcohol abuse

A

Thiamin deficiency. Eat whole grains, bread for sources of vitamin B.

45
Q

How many cals should pregnant women consume per day?

A

2000

46
Q

How many cals should lactating women consume per day?

A

An extra 300-400

47
Q

Prealbumin

A

Sensitive indicator of nutritional status.

48
Q

Total daily fat intake

A

20-35% of calories

49
Q

Foods high in zinc

A

Ground beef patty, nuts

50
Q

How to feed with cleft lip/palate

A

Upright with nipple to the side of the mouth to prevent formula entering nasal passage

51
Q

Clear liquid diet foods

A

Coffee, gelatin, hard candy

NOT sherbet

52
Q

Complications of TPN

A

Hypocalcemia, polyuria

53
Q

Sign of lactose intolerance

A

Flatulance

54
Q

Signs of delayed healing with colostomy

A

“All foods taste like cardboard”

55
Q

Colostomy diet

A

Limit foods that block intestines like popcorn and seeds, but these won’t delay healing.

56
Q

When does bone loss begin?

A

Age 35

57
Q

Osteoporosis risk factors

A

Caucasian women

58
Q

Stomatitis

A

Limit oral mucosa irritation, eat scrambled eggs

59
Q

Total cholesterol

A

Less than 200

60
Q

Choking hazards for toddlers

A

Peanut butter, hot dogs, grapes

CAN eat peas

61
Q

Foods high in sodium

A

Dairy

62
Q

Foods to help with HTN

A

Whole grain pastas

63
Q

How to decrease anorexia in cancer pts

A

Limit fragrant foods, limit liquids with meals

64
Q

Chronic pancreatitis diet

A

Snacks high in calories, DON’T restrict carbs,

65
Q

Dumping syndrome

A

High fat foods are better tolerated than low fat, consume liquids between meals

66
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

Avoid high-potassium foods

67
Q

High potassium foods

A

Cantaloupe

68
Q

How to treat constipation

A 
Increase cellulose (fiber), exercise, drink water
Maintaining good posture does NOT help

Adult 2 (8 decks)

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